具有低温蓄冷剂的斯特林低温冰箱性能研究  

Research on the Performance of Stirling Low-temperature Freezer with Low-temperature Phase Change Materials

作　　者：陈剑 陈曦[1] 雷贻诚 张天柔 时云妹 Chen Jian;Chen Xi;Lei Yicheng;Zhang Tianrou;Shi Yunmei(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《制冷学报》2023年第2期144-150,158,共8页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50906054)资助项目。

摘　　要：生物制品的低温转运对便捷式低温冰箱的蓄冷功能提出了明显需求。本文通过实验研究斯特林低温蓄冷冰箱在停电时的温度变化,基于实验建立三维数值模型,进一步研究了侧摆布置的蓄冷板高度比对箱内空气升温和蓄冷剂相变的影响。实验结果表明:环境温度为20℃时,无蓄冷冰箱的中心温度由-86℃升至-70℃需0.26 h,而载有3.2 kg蓄冷剂(EO-75)的蓄冷冰箱中心温度由-86℃升至-70℃的时间延长为5.33 h。模拟结果表明:侧摆布置的蓄冷板高度比具有重要影响,蓄冷板高度比由50%增至90%,箱内中心温度维持在-86~-70℃的时间由2.96 h延长至7.66 h,蓄冷剂的保冷效率由29.18%增至48.28%,故推荐蓄冷板高度比为90%。该研究结果可为低温冷链运输技术提供参考。The low-temperature transportation of biological products necessitates urgent demands for the cold storage function of portable low-temperature freezers.In this study,experimental tests were conducted to investigate the temperature changes in a Stirling low-temperature freezer with a low-temperature phase change material(PCM)during power failure.Based on the test results,a three-dimensional numerical model was developed to further analyze the effect of the height ratio of the side-swing arrangement of the cold plate on the air temperature in the freezer and the phase transition of the PCM.The experimental results showed that when the ambient temperature was 20℃,the central temperature of the freezer without the PCM required 0.26 h to rise from-86℃to-70℃,whereas the central temperature of the freezer loaded with 3.2 kg PCM(EO-75)required 5.33 h to rise from-86℃to-70℃.The simulation results showed that the height ratio of the side-swing arrangement of the cold plate had an important effect on the freezer temperature.When the height ratio of the cold plate increased from 50%to 90%,the time of keeping the central temperature at-86℃to-70℃was extended from^(2).96 h to 7.66 h,and the cooling efficiency of the PCM increased from^(2)9.18%to 48.28%.The height ratio of the cold plate should be 90%.The results of this study can be useful in the research on low-temperature cold chain transportation technology.

关 键 词：低温冰箱 相变材料 数值模拟 温度分布 

分 类 号：TB657.4[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TK02[动力工程及工程热物理]