实证主义向后现代主义转向下的地图学  

Cartography under the turn from Positivism to Postmodernism

作　　者：王海鹰 闫浩文[1] 梁晓鹤 WANG Hai-ying;YAN Hao-wen;LIANG Xiao-he(Faculty of Geomatics,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Lanzhou Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,兰州730070 [2]兰州市勘察测绘研究院,兰州730030

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2023年第2期161-165,共5页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：面向全自动地图综合的空间相似关系理论,国家自然科学基金重点项目(41930101)。

摘　　要：为了探究哲学思想对地图学的影响,在哲学的角度分析了实证主义、逻辑实证主义和后现代主义三种哲学思想下地图学的产生与发展。在实证主义阶段,地图学受实证科学主义的物理和数学以及那一时期的政治、制图师、制图教育、地理学、学术社团等影响而产生;在逻辑实证主义阶段,地图学在逻辑实证科学下的符号学、认知学和语言学以及战争、科学家、地理学等影响下发展为一门科学;在后现代主义阶段,受后现代文化和移动制图技术的影响,地图呈现出非理性和非客观性的可视化特点。地图学在产生和发展及当代这三个阶段所呈现出的特点,与哲学思想影响下的文化和技术紧密相关,它们共同推动了地图学的发展,地图哲学对于把握地图学的底层逻辑非常必要。In order to explore the influence of philosophical thoughts on cartography,the paper analyzes the emergence and development of cartography under three philosophical thoughts of Positivism,Logical Positivism and Postmodernism.At the stage of Positivism,cartography was emerged by the influence of the physics and mathematics which were under Positivism scientism and the politics,cartographers,cartographic education,geography,and academic communities of that period.At the stage of Logical Positivism,cartography had developed into a kind of science under the influence of semiotics,cognitive science,linguistics,war,scientists,geography,etc,which were under the logic and Positivism science.In the Postmodernism stage,under the influence of Postmodernism culture and mobile cartography technology,maps show the visualization characteristics of irrationality and non-objectivity.Finally,it is found that the characteristics of cartography in the three stages of its emergence and development as well as in the contemporary era are closely related to the technology and culture under the influence of philosophy.They together promote the development of cartography.Map philosophy is very necessary to understand the underlying logic of cartography.

关 键 词：地图哲学 实证科学 逻辑实证科学 后现代主义 

分 类 号：A28[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]