小丑疗法对学龄前期住院患儿静脉采血及家长满意度的影响  

Effect of Therapeutic Clowning on Venous Blood Sampling and Parental Satisfaction of Hospitalized Preschoolers

作　　者：宁雪梅[1] 蒋文秀[1] 邱婷[1] 刘战立[1] 黎瑞兰[1] 沙莎[2] Ning Xuemei;Jiang Wenxiu;Qiu Ting;Liu Zhanli;Li Ruilan;Sha Sha(The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610500,China;Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院第一附属医院,成都610500 [2]成都医学院,成都610500

出　　处：《成都医学院学报》2023年第2期253-256,共4页Journal of Chengdu Medical College

基　　金：成都医学院四川应用心理学研究中心项目(No:CSXL-203012)。

摘　　要：目的 分析小丑疗法对学龄前期住院患儿静脉采血时焦虑和疼痛评分、护士完成静脉采血时间、一次性穿刺成功率,以及家长就医满意度的影响。方法 选取2022年1月至2022年6月在成都医学院第一附属医院儿科住院治疗的学龄前期患儿240例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组120例。对照组行常规护理,试验组在常规护理基础上增加小丑疗法。采用学龄前焦虑量表中文修订版(父母报告),比较两组患儿静脉采血后焦虑评分,采用儿童特殊疼痛行为反应评分量表(FLACC)比较两组患儿静脉采血过程中客观疼痛感受,以及两组护士完成静脉采血时间、一次性穿刺成功率,及家长就医满意度。结果 与对照组比较,试验组静脉采血后焦虑总评分、静脉采血过程中疼痛总评分及护士完成采血时间均明显降低,而护士一次性穿刺成功率及家属总体满意度明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 小丑疗法可有效缓解学龄前期住院患儿焦虑及疼痛感,缩短护士完成静脉采血时间,提高护士一次性静脉采血穿刺成功率及患儿家长就医满意度。Objective To analyze the effect of therapeutic clowning on the anxiety and pain scores of hospitalized preschoolers during venous blood sampling,the time for nurses to complete venous blood sampling,the success rate of onetime puncture and parents'satisfaction with the medical treatment.Methods A total of 240 preschoolers hospitalized in the pediatrics department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from January 2022 to June 2022 were selected and divided into intervention group(n=120)and control group(n=120)according to random number table method.The control group received routine nursing,while the intervention group was given therapeutic clowning on the basis of routine nursing.The preschooler's anxiety after venous blood sampling was assessed by Chinese Revision of Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale(Parent-Report)and compared between the two groups.The preschooler's pain during venous blood sampling was evaluated by Face,Legs,Activity,Cry,Consolability(FLACC)and compared between the two groups.The time for nurses to complete venous blood sampling,the success rate of one-time puncture and parents'satisfaction with the medical treatment were also compared between the two groups.Results The total score of anxiety after venous blood sampling,the total score of pain during venous blood sampling and the time for nurses to complete blood sampling in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while the success rate of one-time puncture of nurses and the overall satisfaction of parents in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Therapeutic clowning can effectively alleviate the anxiety and pain of hospitalized preschoolers,shorten the time for nurses to complete venous blood sampling,increase the success rate of one-time puncture of nurses and improve parents'satisfaction with the medical treatment.

关 键 词：小丑疗法 学龄前儿童 住院患儿 静脉采血 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]