基于有效场论的QCD相图研究  

Review of QCD phase diagram analysis using effective field theories

作　　者：杜轶伦 李程明 史潮 徐书生 严妍 张正 DU Yilun;LI Chengming;SHI Chao;XU Shusheng;YAN Yan;ZHANG Zheng(Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology,Jinan 250100,China;School of Physics and Microelectronics,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Department of Nuclear Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;School of Science,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;Department of Physics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]山东高等技术研究院,济南250100 [2]郑州大学物理学院(微电子学院),郑州450001 [3]南京航空航天大学核科学与技术系,南京210016 [4]南京邮电大学理学院,南京210023 [5]常州大学微电子与控制工程学院,常州213164 [6]南京大学物理学院,南京210093

出　　处：《核技术》2023年第4期108-130,共23页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：泰山学者工程、国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.12005192,No.11905104,No.11905107);常州大学科研专项基金(No.KYP2202487C)资助。

摘　　要：量子色动力学(Quantum Chromodynamics,QCD)相图是高能核物理领域研究的前沿热点。本文基于有效场论的方法,包括Nambu-Jona-Lasinio模型和Dyson-Schwinger方程等,介绍了近期QCD相图研究的多方面进展,包括利用高阶磁化率寻找相变信号,手征不平衡、有限体积和旋转等对相图的影响,以及QCD物态方程在致密星体中的应用。研究发现,重子数高阶涨落的理论结果与实验测量的质子数高阶矩可以较好地符合;手征不平衡、有限体积和旋转对手征凝聚和相图结构都有一定的影响;从有效场论的QCD物态方程出发,可以给出符合脉冲星观测的结果。The quantum chromodynamics(QCD)phase diagram is of great interest to researchers in the field of high energy nuclear physics.We review the present research status of several aspects of this topic.This review includes the search for the phase transition mechanism resulting in high-order baryon number fluctuations,how chiral imbalance,finite volume,and under rotations affect the QCD diagram,and the applications of the equation of states of dense QCD matter in the study of compact stars.The Nambu−Jona-Lasinio model and Dyson-Schwinger equations approach are the most commonly used methods described in this review.It is found that the theoretical results of highorder baryon number fluctuations are in good agreement with the experimental data.The chiral imbalance,finite volume,and rotation of quark-gluon plasma(QGP)have a quantitative impact on the chiral condensate and the QCD phase structure.In the study of compact stars,the theoretical results from equation of states of dense QCD matter agree well with pulsar observations.Further research will be required to form a complete understanding of the QCD phase diagram,particularly given the abundance of QGP.

关 键 词：QCD相图 高阶涨落 手征不平衡 有限体积 旋转 致密星 

分 类 号：O572.243[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] O571.6[理学—物理]