柑橘大实蝇不同扩散阶段成虫对糖和蛋白的需求及其生殖发育节点与繁殖动态  

Sugar and protein requirements of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae) adults at different dispersal stages and their reproductive developmental nodes and reproduction dynamics

作　　者：许博 李再园 杨慧敏 旷忠芬 马跃坤 王福莲[1,3] 桂连友 张桂芬[2] XU Bo;LI Zai-Yuan;YANG Hui-Min;KUANG Zhong-Fen;MA Yue-Kun;WANG Fu-Lian;GUI Lian-You;ZHANG Gui-Fen(Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests,Hubei Engineering Technology Center,Institute of Entomological Science,College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Key Laboratory of Invasive Alien Species Management,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,昆虫研究所,农林病虫害预警与调控湖北省工程技术研究中心,荆州434025 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,农业农村部外来入侵生物防控重点实验室,北京100193 [3]长江大学农学院,农业农村部长江中游作物绿色高效生产重点实验室(部省共建),荆州434025

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2023年第3期326-337,共12页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772206);大学生创新创业训练项目(2019262)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对柑橘大实蝇Bactrocera minax的特殊巡回扩散模式,通过研究不同日龄成虫(特定扩散阶段成虫)对蔗糖和蛋白的营养需求以及其精巢、卵巢发育进度和特定扩散阶段的交配产卵动态,明确柑橘大实蝇不同扩散阶段演替的营养基础与生殖发育节点,初步明晰其巡回扩散机制,为柑橘大实蝇成虫精准防控提供依据。【方法】测定各扩散阶段柑橘大实蝇雌雄成虫对蔗糖和蔗糖+酵母混合食物(蔗糖∶酵母=3∶1, m/m)(酵母的主要成分是蛋白质和维生素)的取食量,测定不同扩散阶段成虫对糖和蛋白的需求;解剖成虫卵巢和精巢;观察成虫交配产卵动态;分析其启动扩散的发育基础和节点。【结果】柑橘大实蝇外迁期(1日龄)和返迁前期(15日龄)雌成虫较其他扩散阶段雌成虫对蔗糖有显著高的取食量,外滞期(10日龄)雌成虫则对糖的取食量最小;迁动状态下,雄成虫对蔗糖的取食量显著低于雌成虫。柑橘大实蝇10日龄雌成虫的酵母摄入量最高,雄成虫则在1, 10和30日龄对酵母摄入量高于15和20日龄雄成虫。10日龄雌成虫、10日龄雄成虫、20日龄雄成虫和30日龄雄成虫对蔗糖+酵母混合食物的取食量显著高于对单一蔗糖的取食量;1, 15和20日龄雌成虫对蔗糖+酵母混合食物的取食量显著低于对单一蔗糖的取食量,而各日龄雄成虫对蔗糖+酵母混合食物的取食量与对单一蔗糖的取食量相比均未显著下降。添加酵母后,1, 15, 20和30日龄雌成虫及15日龄雄成虫对混合食物中蔗糖的摄取量较对单一蔗糖的摄取量显著降低。柑橘大实蝇雌成虫3级卵巢占比16%, 50%和84%分别为羽化后第9.17, 14.80和20.34天。5日龄雄成虫精巢体积最小,10日龄时开始显著增大,30日龄时精巢体积最大;10-20日龄雄成虫精巢长度则随日龄增大而增加,30日龄时有明显缩短。精巢宽度随日龄间断性突增,其中10和30日龄时较大。成�【Aim】The aim of this study is to target the specific itinerant dispersal pattern of Bactrocera minax by investigating the nutritional requirements of B.minax adults at different ages(specific dispersal stages)for sucrose and protein,the development progress of testes and ovaries,and the dynamics of mating and oviposition of their adults at specific dispersal stages,to clarify the nutritional basis and reproductive developmental nodes in different dispersal stages of B.minax,and to rudimentarily understand its dispersal mechanisms,so as to provide a basis for precise control of B.minax adults.【Methods】The female and male adults of B.minax at various dispersal stages consumed either sucrose or the mixed food of sucrose with yeast(sucrose∶yeast=3∶1,m/m)(the main components of yeast are protein and vitamins),and the sugar and protein requirements of adults at different dispersal stages were determined.The adult ovaries and testis were dissected,the adult mating and oviposition dynamics were observed,and the developmental basis and nodes of their initiation and diffusion were analyzed.【Results】The female adults of B.minax at the out-migrating stage(1-day-old)and the pre-return migrating stage(15-day-old)had a significantly higher sucrose consumption than those at the other dispersal stages,while those at the out-stay stage(10-day-old)had the lowest sugar consumption.At every step of the migratory process,male adults had significantly lower sucrose consumption than female adults.The 10-day-old female adults had the highest yeast consumption,while the 1-,10-and 30-day-old male adults had significantly higher yeast consumption than the 15-and 20-day-old male adults.The 10-day-old female and male adults,20-day-old male adults and 30-day-old male adults exhibited significantly increased consumption to the mixed food of sucrose with yeast than to single sucrose,while the 1-,15-and 20-day-old female adults showed significantly decreased consumption to the mixed food of sucrose with yeast than to single sucros

关 键 词：柑橘大实蝇 扩散机制 蔗糖 蛋白 生殖发育 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]