基于两阶段鲁棒优化的可靠性物流网络设计  

Reliability Logistics Network Design Based on Two Stage Robust Optimization

作　　者：石褚巍 马昌喜[1,2] 麻存瑞 SHI Chu-wei;MAChang-xi;MACun-rui(School of Traffic and Transportation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Railway lndustry on Plateau Railway Transportation Intelligent Management and Control,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Modern Post School,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学交通运输学院,兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学高原铁路运输智慧管控铁路行业重点实验室,兰州730070 [3]重庆邮电大学,现代邮政学院,重庆400000

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2023年第2期285-299,共15页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71861023,52062027);甘肃省基础研究计划-软科学专项(22JR4ZA035)。

摘　　要：针对网络中存在节点及线路损坏不确定性的可靠性物流网络设计问题,提出一种基于两阶段鲁棒优化的可靠性物流网络设计方法。以供应和中转节点选址,节点连通关系确定,流量分配作为决策变量,构建两阶段可靠性物流网络设计模型,追求网络总成本和总运行时间两个独立目标的最小化。其中,网络总成本目标函数包含两个阶段的成本,第1阶段,计算网络建设成本及网络正常状态下的运行成本;第2阶段,计算网络损坏情景不确定集下的网络运行成本。网络总运行时间目标函数用于计算网络正常状态下的运行时间。设计具有双层编码结构染色体的混合进化算法,以NPGA(Niched Pareto Genetic Algorithm)作为主算法框架,设计大邻域搜索机制优化个体连通关系基因层,同时,嵌套基于聚类的交叉和变异策略提升算法对解空间的搜索能力。以多组不同规模的可靠性物流网络设计问题进行案例分析,验证模型及算法的合理性和有效性。研究结果表明:两阶段可靠性物流网络设计模型能够通过少量增加前期网络建设成本的投入,显著降低网络在受损情况下的运行成本,有效提升网络可靠性。在5个供应节点、10个中转节点及15个需求节点的案例对比中,该模型求得的成本偏好及时间偏好的两组Pareto解,相比于传统多目标物流网络模型的两组对应偏好解,在同一网络损坏情景集中最多能够分别节省20.6%和28.2%的网络运行成本;设计的混合进化算法在迭代初期就收敛到较优的目标值,表现出较强地搜索和寻优性能,能够实现对两阶段可靠性物流网络设计模型的有效求解。This paper investigates the reliability logistics network design problem with uncertainty due to node and road damages.A reliability logistics network design method based on two-stage robust optimization is proposed.Taking the location of supply and transit nodes,determination of node connectivity,and distribution of cargo flow as decision variables,a two-stage reliability logistics network design model was constructed.The model has two independent objectives,i.e.,the total network cost objective function and the total network operation time objective function.The former includes two stages of cost,in which the first stage calculates the network construction cost and the network operation cost under the normal state and the second stage calculates the network operation cost under a disruptive scenario set.The total network operation time objective function is used to calculate the network operation time under the normal state.A hybrid evolutionary algorithm with double-layer encoding structure chromosomes is designed.The NPGA is used as the main algorithm framework,and a large neighborhood search mechanism is designed to optimize the connectivity relationship genes of individuals.Cluster-based crossover and mutation strategies are combined to improve the search ability of the algorithm in the solution space.The effectiveness of the model and algorithm are verified by case studies with several groups of reliability logistics network design problems of different scales.The results show that the two-stage reliability logistics network design model can significantly reduce the operation cost of the network in case of damage and effectively improve network reliability through a small increase in the initial network construction cost.In the case comparison of 5 supply nodes,10 transit nodes,and 15 demand nodes,the two sets of Pareto solutions for cost preference and time preference obtained by the model can save up to 20.6%and 28.2%of network operation cost in the same network damage scenario set,respectively,compared

关 键 词：物流工程 网络设计 鲁棒优化 可靠性 NPGA 大邻域搜索 聚类 

分 类 号：F502[经济管理—产业经济]