共享单车对我国主要城市交通拥堵的影响  

Impact of Bike Sharing on Traffic Congestion in China's Major Cities

作　　者：黄赶祥 张薇[1] 徐迪[1] HUANG Gan-xiang;ZHANG Wei;XU Di(School of Management,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学,管理学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2023年第2期300-306,共7页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72172130);国家社会科学基金(21BGL249)。

摘　　要：为系统考察共享单车对城市交通拥堵的治理作用,本文将ofo和摩拜单车在不同时间点进入城市运营视为准自然实验,基于高德地图提供的45个国内主要城市2016—2018年季度高峰拥堵延时指数面板数据,构建双重差分模型,识别量化共享单车的进入对我国主要城市交通拥堵的影响。结果显示:共享单车服务的进入显著缓解了城市交通拥堵,高峰拥堵延时指数在共享单车进入后,平均下降了约2.9%,为样本城市通勤者每年共节省约309百万h的通勤时间和151亿元的经济损失,减少交通高峰期我国城市机动车CO_(2)年排放总量约355万t;共享单车对城市交通拥堵的缓解效应在交通拥堵严重和人口数量多的城市更为显著,并且不受城市空气污染的制约。本文研究结果揭示了共享单车在缓解城市交通拥堵中的重要作用和潜在价值,为交通管理者创新城市交通拥堵治理手段,缓解我国城市交通拥堵问题提供了重要政策启示。To systematically investigate the governance effect of bike sharing on urban traffic congestion,this paper takes the staggered entry of ofo and Mobike into China's major cities as a quasi-natural experiment.Based on the 2016 to 2018 quarterly congestion delay indicator panel data of 45 major cities in China provided by Amap,this paper uses a difference-difference model to identify the impact of the bike sharing services on traffic congestion.The results show that:bike sharing service has a significant mitigation effect on urban traffic congestion,the bike sharing service reduces the congestion delay indicator by 2.9%on average,saving a total of about 309 million hours of commuting time and 15.1 billion yuan of economic losses annually,and reducing the total annual dioxide emission of urban vehicles in peak hours by about 3.55 million tons.The traffic congestion mitigation effect of bike sharing services is more effective in cities with heavier traffic volumes and larger populations,and is not restricted by air pollution.This study reveals the important role and potential value of bike sharing service in alleviating urban traffic congestion,and provides an innovative method and important policy enlightenment for urban traffic congestion management.

关 键 词：城市交通 交通拥堵 双重差分模型 共享单车 共享出行 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]