北大西洋和热带印度洋海温的协同作用对松花江流域暖季降水年代际变化的影响  

Joint effects of the sea surface temperatures over North Atlantic and the tropical Indian Ocean on the interdecadal variation of warm-season precipitation in the Songhua river basin

作　　者：李永生[1,2] 陈晨 李忠贤 班晋[1] 赵佳莹[1] LI Yongsheng;CHEN Chen;LI Zhongxian;BAN Jin;ZHAO Jiaying(Heilongjiang Climate Center,Harbin 150030,China;Key Opening Laboratory for Northeast China Cold Vortex Research,Shenyang 110166,China;Qiqihar Meteorological Bureau,Qiqihar 161006,China;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气候中心,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北冷涡研究重点开放实验室,沈阳110166 [3]齐齐哈尔市气象局,齐齐哈尔161006 [4]南京信息工程大学,气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044

出　　处：《气象学报》2023年第2期258-268,共11页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42175034);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金项目(2021SYIAEKFMS10)。

摘　　要：利用松花江流域100站降水资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、哈得来中心海温资料等,运用多种统计方法和数值模拟分析了1975—2020年松花江流域暖季(5—9月)降水的年代际变化特征及其与北大西洋和热带印度洋海温的关系。研究表明,松花江流域暖季降水具有明显的年代际变化特征,20世纪90年代中后期发生了明显的年代际转变,由多雨阶段转为少雨阶段。年代际尺度上,暖季北大西洋马蹄型(North Atlantic Horseshoe,NAH)海温模态和印度洋海盆一致型(Indian Ocean Basin,IOB)海温模态分别与同期松花江流域降水呈显著的负相关和正相关关系,相关系数分别为-0.77和0.68。20世纪90年代中期之前,NAH模态负位相的海温异常在欧亚中高纬度地区激发纬向波列,将异常波能量传递到东北亚地区,在日本海至贝加尔湖地区产生异常气旋式环流;同时,IOB模态正位相的海温异常通过激发开尔文波,引起中国南海到孟加拉湾地区异常反气旋式环流,该异常反气旋式环流在东亚沿海激发出太平洋-日本型(PJ)波列,使得松花江流域出现异常气旋式环流。两者的共同作用使北太平洋水汽输送至松花江流域,有利于松花江流域降水偏多;20世纪90年代中期之后,NAH(IOB)模态由负位相(正位相)转为正位相(负位相),在NAH正位相和IOB负位相的协同影响下,松花江流域出现异常反气旋式环流,导致该区域降水偏少。Based on precipitation data at 100 stations over the Songhua River Basin(SRB),the reanalysis data of NCEP/NCAR and the Sea Surface Temperature(SST)from Hadley Center,the variation of SRB warm season(May—September)precipitation and its relationship with SST anomalies over the North Atlantic and the tropical Indian Ocean during 1975—2020 are investigated by statistical approaches and numerical experiments.The results show that the SRB warm season precipitation is characterized by interdecadal time scale variation with above-normal precipitation before the mid-1990s and below-normal precipitation after the mid-1990s.On the interdecadal time scale,the North Atlantic Horseshoe(NAH)mode and the Indian Ocean Basin(IOB)mode in warm season respectively have significant negative and positive relationships with simultaneous SRB precipitation,and the correlation coefficients are−0.77 and 0.68 respectively.Before the mid-1990s,the negative NAH mode can generate a wave train over Eurasia in the mid-high latitudes,which transports anomalous wave energy to Northeast Asia and causes an anomalous cyclone from the Sea of Japan to the Baikal.Meanwhile,the positive IOB mode can induce an anomalous anticyclone from the South China Sea to the Bay of Bengal by triggering Kelvin waves.As a result,the Pacific-Japanese pattern is triggered along the coast of East Asia,which induces an anomalous cyclone over the SRB.Due to the joint effects of negative NAH and positive IOB modes,the moisture from the North Pacific is transported to the SRB,increasing precipitation there.After the mid-1990s,the NAH and IOB modes change from negative and positive into positive and negative,respectively.Under the influence of positive NAH and negative IOB modes,the SRB is under the control of an anomalous anticyclone.As a result,precipitation in the SRB decreases.

关 键 词：松花江流域 年代际变化 北大西洋 热带印度洋 协同作用 

分 类 号：P461.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]