石面及土面小生境对典型喀斯特森林凋落叶分解过程的影响  

Effects of rock surface and soil surface micro-habitats on the leaf litter decomposition process in typical karst forests

作　　者：刘娜 吴鹏 周汀 叶雨艳 崔迎春 赵文君 侯贻菊 周华 LIU Na;WU Peng;ZHOU Ting;YE Yuyan;CUI Yingchun;ZHAO Wenjun;HOU Yiju;ZHOU Hua(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Libo Observation and Research Station for Karst Forest Ecosystem,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Libo 558400,Guizhou,China;Guiyang Forest Chief Scheme Work Service Center,Guiyang 550005,Guizhou,China;College of Life Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵州荔波喀斯特森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,贵州荔波558400 [3]贵阳市林长制工作服务中心,贵州贵阳550005 [4]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第3期145-154,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合基础[2019]1427号);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32060244);贵州省林业科研项目(黔林科合[2019]13);贵州省天然林资源保护专项。

摘　　要：【目的】探究小生境对典型喀斯特森林凋落叶分解过程的影响,进一步认识喀斯特森林生态系统养分循环过程,为喀斯特森林的保护与管理提供科学支撑。【方法】以茂兰典型喀斯特森林凋落叶为研究对象,选取了石面和土面两种典型小生境类型,进行了为期1年的凋落物原位分解实验,并以2个月为周期监测其质量损失率(D)、分解速率(k)、养分含量及元素迁移等特征。【结果】1)小生境类型显著影响凋落叶质量损失率(P <0.05),年质量损失率和分解速率均表现为石面(D=70.04%,k=1.13)高于土面(D=61.41%,k=0.81)。2)凋落叶分解过程中,两种生境下的C、K、Ca、Mg和δ^(15)N元素含量具有相同的动态变化,而N、P和δ13C的则不相同,综合来看,小生境对凋落叶分解前期(0~187 d)各养分含量的影响较小,更易影响分解中后期(187~368 d)的养分含量。3)两种小生境下凋落叶的C、P、K和Mg元素迁移为直接释放模式,而N和Ca元素则为富集-释放模式;石面小生境下凋落叶C、N和P释放强度随分解时间的增加而增大,土面下则存在一定波动;K、Ca和Mg在两种生境下均具有相同的释放动态,且K和Mg在石面的释放强度显著高于土面(P <0.05),而Ca则无显著差异性。【结论】该区域两种小生境对凋落叶的分解过程具有一定的影响,石面较土面更能促进凋落叶的分解和养分释放。【Objective】In this article,the effect of different micro-habitats on the leaf litter decomposition process in typical karst forests was studied,to further understand the nutrient cycle process of karst forest ecosystems,and provide scientific support for the protection and management of karst forests.【Method】In this study,the leaf litter of typical karst forests in Maolan Nature Reserve was selected as the research object.Two typical micro-habitats,stone surface and soil surface,were selected for the 1-year in-situ decomposition experiment of litters,and the characteristics of mass loss rate(D),decomposition rate(k),nutrient content and nutrient release characteristics were monitored on a 2-month cycle.【Result】1)The micro-habitat type significantly affected the mass loss rate of litter(P<0.05).The annual mass loss rate and decomposition rate of litter were higher on the stone surface(D=70.04%,k=1.13)than those on the soil surface(D=61.41%,k=0.81).2)During the study period,the C,K,Ca,Mg andδ^(15)N contents shared the same dynamic change,but N,P andδ13C were different.Compared with the early stage of leaf litter composition,micro-habitat types were more susceptible to affect leaf litter nutrient contents in the middle and late stages.3)The release pattern of C,P,K and Mg in leaf litters showed a “direct release” mode, while litter N and Ca were an “accumulation release” mode. The release intensity of leaf litter C, N and P on the rock surface increased with the decomposition time, while there was a certain fluctuation on the soil surface. K, Ca and Mg of leaf litters had the same release dynamics in the two micro-habitats, and the release intensity of K and Mg on the rock surface was significantly higher than that of the soil surface, while the release intensity of Ca exhibited no significant difference. 【Conclusion】 The two micro-habitats have a certain influence on the leaf litter decomposition process, and the rock surface can better promote the leaf litter decomposition and nutrient re

关 键 词：养分迁移模式 凋落物分解 质量损失率 茂兰喀斯特原生林 凋落叶 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]