中国传统园林月色光景构景解析  

Analysis of Moon Lightscape Configuration in Traditional Chinese Gardens

作　　者：李雅婷 邱坚珍[1] LI Yating;QIU Jianzhen(School of Architecture,South China University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2023年第4期130-136,共7页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：中国科学院咨询课题“继承弘扬传统文化,提升人居环境品质——重视开展声景学、香景学及光景学研究与实践”子课题“光景学研究”(编号2018-ZW01-A-031);亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室自主研究课题“亚热带城市公园中光景与听、嗅感官的多元交互作用研究”(编号2022KB06)。

摘　　要：【目的】月是中国园林中最常见也最深入人心的景观意象之一,以光景为研究视角,从构成要素、构景特征和营造手法逐层分析,可探寻中国传统园林月色光景构景价值。【方法】基于光景学的理论框架,通过搜集整理园记、绘画、诗作等资料,对中国传统园林中月色光景的构景模式进行解析。【结果】总结了“空山对月”“水中月”“高台望月”“横斜带月”和“掬水月在手”5类经典的月色光景构景范式;从月色光景的人、光、环境三要素及其相互关系入手,概括出“移世界的视觉效果”“月相变化的时空体验”“仰观俯察的空间层次”,以及“多维度的感官渲染”4种构景特征,并从中归纳月色光景主要的营造方式。【结论】在中国传统园林中,月色光景的营造不限于对亮度、照度和舒适度等的物理层面上的追求,而更注重精神层面的文化语境以及场域中人的思想感知。可为中国传统园林的月景营造研究及现代园林的光景理论与实践提供参考。[Objective]The landscaping of Chinese traditional gardens operates similarly to the arts of poetry and painting by introducing relevant natural imageries,with moonlight being one of the most prominent and well-established imageries adopted.A moon lightscape is conveyed more through its poetic and pictorial atmosphere rather than its physical characteristics alone.This research aims to,based on the review of a number of records,diagrams,poems and paintings regarding Chinese traditional gardens,document the visual perception elements of moon lightscape incorporated in Chinese traditional gardens,and reveal the key characteristics thereof:distinct landscape consciousness,aesthetic principle and philosophical underpinning.[Methods]This research summarizes the famous moonlight landscaping ideas based on the theoretical framework of lightscape,and further figures out how moonlight and shadow affect the atmosphere in spaces such as buildings,stones,and plants and why this idea of moonlight lightscape is used as a paradigm for landscaping of Chinese traditional gardens.Additionally,the research theoretically refines and analyzes the classic composition of moonlight lightscape in traditional Chinese gardens in terms of composition elements,constituent characteristics and creation methods.[Results]The research summarizes totally five classical patterns of moon lightscape configuration,including“Moonlight Silently Brightening Empty Mountain”,“Moonlight on Water”,“Moonlight Viewing from a High Platform”,“Moonlight on Plum Branches”,and“Moonlight on Water Held in Both Hands”.The“Moonlight Silently Brightening Empty Mountain”pattern takes open mountain flat lands as a viewing point,highlighting the cultural connotation of traditional Chinese aesthetics of“quiet observation”,creating an atmosphere of“emptiness and stillness”.“Moonlight on Water”combined with architecture and environment can evoke rich literary or humanistic allusions.“Moonlight Viewing from a High Platform”provides an ope

关 键 词：风景园林 中国传统园林 光景学 构景 月色光景营造 文化语境 

分 类 号：TU986.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]