S波段磁控管阴极预群聚技术机理研究  

Research on the Mechanism of Cathode Pre-clustering Technology in S-Band Magnetrons

作　　者：胡孔一 柳建龙 曾葆青 唐万春[1] 姜严 姜芮芮 HU Kong-yi;LIU Jian-long;ZENG Bao-qing;TANG Wan-chun;JIANG Yan;JIANG Rui-rui(School of Artificial Intelligence,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Electronic Engineering,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学人工智能学院,江苏南京210000 [2]电子科技大学电子工程学院,四川成都610054

出　　处：《真空电子技术》2023年第2期34-38,50,共6页Vacuum Electronics

摘　　要：阴极预群聚技术对磁控管的振荡建立过程具有显著的影响,但其作用机理仍然需要进行深入研究。本文对采用角向均匀分布的圆柱形多发射体阴极进行数值模拟,分析了互作用空间场分布及空间电子的运动规律,揭示了多发射体阴极与实体圆柱体阴极在磁控管的起振过程中存在显著差异。多发射体阴极的静电场角向分量与偏置磁场引入的洛伦兹力增强了初始阴极发射的电子向阳极漂移的能力。多阴极磁控管电子轮辐的外边缘更贴近阳极表面,群聚的电子在角向上具有周期性连续变化的速度分布,使得电子与高频场的能量交互更加充分。引入阴极预群聚技术的五阴极磁控管具有起振时间快、输出功率大、效率高等优点,从空间电场分布规律可知,阴极预群聚技术可降低布里渊半径,减少空间电荷对磁控管输出性能的影响。Cathode pre-bunching technology has a significant effect on the oscillation establishment process of magnetrons,but the mechanism of it still needs to be further studied.A cylindrical multi-emitter cathode with uniform angular distribution is numerically simulated,and the spatial field distribution of interaction and the motion law of space charge are analyzed.It is revealed that there is a significant difference between multi-emitter cathode and solid cylinder cathode in the process of magnetron starting vibration.The angular component of the electrostatic field of the multi-emitter cathode and the Lorentz force introduced by the biased magnetic field enhance the ability of the initial electrons emitted by the cathode drifting towards the anode.The outer edge of the electron spokes of the multi-cathode magnetron is closer to the anode surface,and the electrons cluster has a periodic and continuous velocity distribution in the angular direction,which make the energy interaction between the electrons and the high-frequency field more sufficient.The five-cathode magnetron with the cathode pre-clustering has the advantages of fast starting,high output power and high efficiency.From the distribution law of space electric field,the cathode pre-clustering technology can reduce the influence of Brillouin radius and space charge on the output performance of magnetrons.

关 键 词：预群聚 磁控管 多发射阴极 粒子与波互作用 空间电荷 

分 类 号：TN123[电子电信—物理电子学]