液氮温区25 W高频轻量化脉冲管制冷机调相实验研究  

Experimental Study on Phase Shifter of a 25 W High Frequency Lightweight Pulse Tube Refrigerator at Liquid Nitrogen Temperature

作　　者：张雅婷 王乃亮 赵密广[1,2] 荀玉强 梁惊涛[1,2] ZHANG Yating;WANG Nailiang;ZHAO Miguang;XUN Yuqiang;LIANG Jingtao(Key Laboratory of Technology on Space Energy Conversion,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所中国科学院空间功热转换技术重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《真空与低温》2023年第3期268-273,共6页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(521006036)。

摘　　要：在轻量化的前提下实现大冷量制冷是脉冲管制冷技术发展的一个重要趋势。研制了一台整机质量仅5.7 kg的液氮温区同轴型高频脉冲管制冷机,介绍了其主要结构的设计参数与制冷性能。经惯性管调相优化,当热端温度为293 K、运行频率为74 Hz、输入功率为500 W时,制冷机可以在80 K温度下产生25 W制冷量。通过实验研究了压缩机效率、冷指的相对卡诺效率、冷指入口处质量流与压力波的相位差等随惯性管尺寸及频率的变化关系。分析表明,当压缩机最优工作频率与冷指最优工作频率接近时,整机效率最高,此时冷指入口处质量流领先压力波相位角30°。Increasing cooling capacity on the premise of lightweight is an important trend in pulse tube refrigerator technologies.A coaxial high frequency pulse tube refrigerator working at liquid nitrogen temperature with a mass of only 5.7 kg is reported.The design parameters of its main structure and the cooling performance are introduced.After optimization by inertance tube phase modulation,a cooling capacity of 25 W can be generated at 80 K when the temperature of the hot exchanger is 293 K,the operating frequency is 74 Hz,and the input power is 500W.It is experimentally investigated how the compressor efficiency,the relative Carnot efficiency of the cold finger,and the phase shift between the mass flow and pressure wave at the inlet of the cold finger,change with the size and frequency of the inertance tube.Analysis reveals that when the optimal working frequency of the compressor is close to the optimal working frequency of the cold finger,the mass flow phase angel ahead of the pressure wave phase angel about 30°at the inlet of the cold finger.

关 键 词：脉冲管制冷机 液氮温区 高频 同轴型 

分 类 号：V430[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]