有机生产中防治西葫芦白粉病的药剂筛选  

Screening of Medicaments for Controlling Powdery Mildew of Summer Squash in Organic Production

作　　者：杨合法 闫勇 韩卉 李季[3] YANG He-fa;YAN Yong;HAN Hui(Quzhou Experimental Station,China Agricultural University,Quzhou,Hebei 057250;College of Life Science,Langfang Normal University,Langfang,Hebei 065000)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学曲周实验站,河北曲周057250 [2]廊坊师范学院生命科学学院,河北廊坊065000 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第7期150-153,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“基于病害生态调控的创新栽培模式、技术和产品研发”(2019YFD1002004)。

摘　　要：为加大有机生产中白粉病防控力度,提高防治效果。采用有机生产标准(GB 19630—2019)中允许使用的大黄素甲醚、蛇床子素、硫黄、碳酸氢钾、枯草芽孢杆菌、哈茨木霉菌及乳化植物油等制剂进行田间药效试验,比较其防治效果,结果表明,7种供试药剂均有一定的控制白粉病的效果,第3次药后7 d,对西葫芦白粉病防效为64.61%~74.78%,其中以0.5%大黄素甲醚AS防效最优,达74.78%,防治效果表现为0.5%大黄素甲醚AS>100亿CFU/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP>1%蛇床子素EW>碳酸氢钾DP>3亿CFU/g哈茨木霉菌WP>50%硫黄SC>乳化植物油;供试药剂均可提高西葫芦产量,使用碳酸氢钾增产率最高,为44.70%,其次是1%蛇床子素EW及0.5%大黄素甲醚AS,增产率分别是38.83%和37.90%,乳化植物油EC也有一定的增产效果,增产率为35.63%。根据以上研究结果,建议在白粉病发生初期优先使用碳酸氢钾,在白粉病发生期推荐使用0.5%大黄素甲醚AS、100亿CFU/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP、1%蛇床子素EW等药剂。In order to strengthen the prevention and control of powdery mildew in organic production and improve the control effect.A field efficacy test was conducted with physcion,osthole,sulphur,potassium bicarbonate,Bacillus subtilis,Trichoderma harzianum and emulsified vegetable oil allowed in the organic production standard(GB 19630—2019).The results showed that seven kinds of medicaments all had certain effects(64.61%-74.78%)on controlling powdery mildew,and the order of control effect was 0.5%physcion AS>Bacillus subtilis WP(1×1010 CFU/g)>1%osthole EW>potassium bicarbonate DP>Trichoderma harzianum WP(3×108 CFU/g)>50%sulphur SC>emulsified vegetable oil.All medicaments increased the yield of summer squash.The yield increase rate of potassium bicarbonate was the highest(44.70%),followed by 1%osthole EW(38.83%),0.5%physcion AS(37.90%)and emulsified vegetable oil EC(35.63%).According to the above results,the author suggests giving priority to the use of potassium bicarbonate in the early stage of powdery mildew,and 0.5%physcion AS,Bacillus subtilis WP(1×1010 CFU/g),1%osthole EW in other stages.

关 键 词：有机生产 西葫芦白粉病 防治效果 增产率 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]