小麦新品种漯麦36光合特性、干物质积累及农艺性状的研究  

Photosynthetic Characteristics,Dry Matter Accumulation and Agronomic Characters of New Wheat Variety‘Luomai 36’

作　　者：王君 黄杰 张文才 魏雅红 胡彦奇 廖平安 邢银亮 WANG Jun;HUANG Jie;ZHANG Wencai;WEI Yahong;HU Yanqi;LIAO Pingan;XING Yinliang(Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luohe,Henan 462300,China;Wuyang County Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Wuyang,Henan 462300,China;Luohe Yuanhui District Chengfa Investment Group Co.,Ltd,Luohe,Henan 462300,China)

机构地区：[1]漯河市农业科学院,河南漯河462300 [2]舞阳县农业技术推广总站,河南舞阳462300 [3]漯河源汇区城发投资集团有限公司,河南漯河462300

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2023年第3期23-27,共5页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部-国家小麦产业技术体系漯河综合试验站(CARS-03);河南省重大科技专项—高产、多抗、广适小麦新品种选育与产业化(161100110400)。

摘　　要：以小麦品种漯麦36、百农207、周麦18为试验材料,研究漯麦36花后旗叶SPAD值(叶绿素相对含量)、Pn值(净光合速率)、干物质积累及农艺性状。结果表明:①漯麦36的旗叶SPAD值和Pn值高于周麦18、百农207,三个品种间叶绿素相对含量和净光合速率的差异趋势逐渐增大,其中花后0~7 d差异不显著,花后14d差异显著,花后21~35 d差异极显著。②漯麦36的旗叶水分利用率是最高的,其次为周麦18、百农207。三个小麦品种水分利用率在开花期最高,之后急剧下降,花后21 d达到最低,之后缓慢升高。③漯麦36顶三叶叶功能期在三个品种中是最长的,与周麦18差异显著,与百农207差异极显著。④漯麦36单茎干物质重在花后均最重;通过农艺性状分析,漯麦36的穗粒数和穗粒重的增加明显,其经济产量分别较周麦18和百农207提高6.17%和8.6%。高叶绿素相对含量、高净光合速率、抗旱性强、干物质积累多、穗粒数和穗粒重的增加是漯麦36高产稳产的生理基础。With new wheat variety‘Luomai 36’,‘Bainong 207’,‘Zhoumai18’as experimental materials,the relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value),the photosynthetic rate(Pn),the dry matter accumulation and agronomic characters were studied.The results showed that the SPAD,Pn of flag leaves of‘Luomai 36’were higher than‘Zhoumai18’and‘Bainong 207’,and the trend of difference increased gradually.The SPAD,Pn of the three wheat cultivars were not significantly from 0 to 14 days after anthesis,which were significant different after 14 days and were extremely significant different dure 21 to 35 days.The order of water use efficiency in flag leaves was Luomai 36>Zhoumai 18>Bainong 207.The water use efficiency of the three wheat cultivars was highest in blooming period,and then it decreased dramatically,which reached the lowest point on day 21 after anthesis,and then rose slowly.The functional phase in the top three leaves of Luomai 36 was the longest,which had the significantly difference from‘Zhoumai 18’,while it had extremely significant difference from‘Bainong 207’.The weight of single stem was heaviest for‘Luomai 36’after anthesis.According to agronomic characters analysis,grain number per ear and grain weight per ear of‘Luomai 36’increased significantly,and its economic yield was 6.17%and 8.6%higher than that of‘Zhoumai 18’and‘Bainong 207.’High relative chlorophyll content,high photosynthetic rate,strong drought resistance,more dry matter accumulation,the increase of grain number per spike and grain weight per spike are the basis for high and stable yield of‘Luomai 36’.

关 键 词：漯麦36 光合特性 干物质积累 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]