数字时代中美价值观竞争透视  

Ideological Competition between China and the United States in the Digital Age

作　　者：邱静[1] Qiu Jing

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所,100732

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2023年第1期89-113,7,共26页The Journal of International Studies

摘　　要：在数字时代,中美之间的价值观差异更加明显,价值观实践的外溢性特点更加突出,体现在网络空间主权与网络空间自由化、多边主义与多利益相关方、网络内容管理与网络言论自由、数据安全管理与数据自由流动、公共数字管理与个人权利保护、数字发展权与数字人格权等方面。中美价值观竞争呈现若干形式,如加强国内制度建设和推广、指责对方的价值观和发展模式、以价值观名义采取遏制对方技术发展的措施、形成国际技术联盟、影响国际规则制定。中美价值观竞争有其理念根源和政治经济根源。美国的领先数字实力、政治安全危机感增强、中国显著上升的数字竞争力对美国国际领先地位构成威胁、中国数字技术运用提供替代技术模式,使得美国不断挑起价值观竞争。价值观竞争为美国获取道德权力、违反国际规则、采取遏制中国的措施提供了“正当性”基础,成为大国博弈的重要组成部分,并将导致一系列消极后果,如技术保护主义成为常态,国家阵营化的趋势愈加明显,以价值观名义采取的政治经济对抗措施加大地缘政治风险、阻碍全球经济恢复和发展,等等。In the digital age,the ideological differences between China and the United States are more obvious,and the spillover effect of practicing values are more prominent.This is reflected especially inareas such as cyberspace sovereignty and cyberspace liberalization,online content management and online freedom of speech,data security management and free flow of data,public digital management and individual rights protection,and digital development rights and digital citizenship rights.This form of ideology competition also includes many other aspects,such as strengthening the construction and promotion of domestic systems,blaming the other party's ideology and development models,taking measures to curb the other party's technological development in the name of ideology,forming international technology alliances,and influencing the formulation of international rules.The competition of ideology between China and the United States not only has its ideological roots in human rights protection,but also has profound political and economic roots.The United States has a heightened sense of political security crisis-China's rapidly rising digital competitiveness is threatening the U.S.'s international leadership.China's use of digital technologies provides an alternative technology model,which make the U.S.continue to provoke competition in ideology.The ideological competition provides the United States with a"legitimate"basis for acquiring moral power,violating international rules,and taking measures to contain China.It has become an important part of the game of great powers and will have profound adverse effects in many areas.Such effects include but are not limited to the decline of global governance,technological protectionism,establishment of national blocs,increased possibility of decoupling between major powers,high geopolitical risks,and slow global economic recovery.

关 键 词：地区与国别政治 价值观竞争 中美竞争 数字治理 数字威权主义 技术保护主义 

分 类 号：D822.371.2[政治法律—政治学] D912.1[政治法律—外交学]