中国冬残奥会运动员夏训中的运动损伤流行病学研究  

Epidemiological Study of Sports Injuries in Chinese Winter Paralympic Athletes during Summer Training Camps

作　　者：高璨[1] 张建红[1] 孙驰宇 梁辰[1] GAO Can;ZHANG Jianhong;SUN Chiyu;LIANG Chen(Internist of Sport Medicine Research Institute,General Administration of Sport of China;China Institute of Sport Science,General Administration of Sport of China,Beijing,100061 China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局运动医学研究所 [2]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2023年第9期10-15,32,共7页Contemporary Sports Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(体育类)课题任务书(项目名称:冬残奥运动员伤病预防、运动疲劳和康复促进的研究与技术应用,项目编号:2018YFF0300604)

摘　　要：目的:该研究旨在通过分析备战2022年北京冬残奥运动员在2018年6~9月夏季训练期间的运动损伤情况,为残疾人运动员运动损伤的针对性预防提供科学依据。方法:对高山滑雪、冰橇冰球、越野滑雪、单板滑雪4支残奥运动队开展运动损伤流行病学调查,共纳入运动员174人,统计不同项目运动损伤的发生率、损伤率和损伤类型,并对统计结果进行分析。结果:夏季训练期间,4支队伍的总损伤发生率为14.8次/每1000运动员训练日[95%CI:(12.3~17.6)]。其中,冰橇冰球的损伤发生率最高,为25.0次/每1000个运动员训练日[95%CI:(13.4~42.4)]。其次分别是为单板滑雪、高山滑雪和越野滑雪。女性运动员46.4%的损伤率及15.3次/每1000个运动员训练日[95%CI:(11.2~20.4)]的损伤发生率均高于男性运动员。结论:夏季训练期间,4支冬残奥队伍中有44.8%的运动员出现了至少一次的损伤;单板滑雪运动员损伤率最高;冰橇冰球运动员损伤发生率最高;过度使用引起的肌肉劳损在损伤中占比较高;女性运动员损伤发生风险高于男性运动员;26~34岁运动员损伤发生风险较高,应采取针对性预防措施。Objective:To provide a scientific basis for the prevention of sports injuries of disabled athletes by analyzing the sports injuries of athletes preparing for the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games during the summer training period from June to September 2018.Methods:An epidemiological survey of sports injuries was carried out in four teams of alpine skiing,ice sleigh ice hockey,cross-country skiing and snowboarding in the Paralympic Games.A total of 174 athletes were included.Statistics were made on the incidence,injury rate and injury types of sports injuries in different events.Results:During summer training,the total incidence of injuries in the four teams was 14.8 per 1000 athletes training days[95%CI:(12.3-17.6)].Among them,the incidence of injury in ice sleigh ice hockey is the highest,which is 25.0 times per 1000 athletes training days[95%CI:(13.4 to 42.4)].Followed by snowboarding,alpine skiing and cross-country skiing.The injury rate of female athletes was 46.4%and the injury rate of 15.3 times per 1000 athletes training days[95%CI:(11.2-20.4)]was higher than that of male athletes.Conclusion:During the summer training,44.8%of the athletes in the four winter Paralympic teams were injured at least once.The injury rate of snowboarders is the highest,and that of ice sleigh hockey players is the highest.Muscle strain caused by overuse accounts for a relatively high proportion of injuries,the risk of injury in female athletes is higher than that in male athletes,and the risk of injury in athletes aged 26~34 is higher,so targeted preventive measures should be taken.

关 键 词：冬残奥会 运动损伤 流行病学 残疾运动员 

分 类 号：R873[医药卫生—运动医学]