承压水体上煤层底板下位隐伏断层采动突水机制研究  

Study on mining water inrush mechanism of buried fault under coal seam floor above confined water body

作　　者：张玉军 张志巍[1,2] 肖杰 李友伟 于秋鸽 ZHANG Yujun;ZHANG Zhiwei;XIAO Jie;LI Youwei;YU Qiuge(CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Coal Mining and Designing Department,Tiandi Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization,Beijing 100013,China;China coal research institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工开采研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [3]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013 [4]煤炭科学研究总院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2023年第2期283-291,共9页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上基金资助项目(51874177,52174079);天地科技创新基金资助项目(KJ-KCQN-03)。

摘　　要：由于煤层底板隐伏断层分布广、数量多、隐蔽性强且不易探测的特点,使得底板隐伏断层活化突水成为深部开采突水的主要形式之一。根据底板隐伏断层发育规模及空间位置条件,总结提出了底板沟通隐伏性断层突水、上位隐伏性断层突水及下位隐伏性断层突水3种模式。针对承压水体上煤层底板下位隐伏断层底板突水模式,通过力学分析、底板突水相似模拟及FLAC3D数值拟研究了煤层回采过程中底板空间采动应力变化规律、隐伏断层扩展及突水通道演化过程。研究结果表明:近煤层底板采动岩体随工作面推进,经历压缩-卸荷-恢复过程,形成采动破坏带,底板空间采动应力状态以工作面为分界线呈现水平“S”型分布形态;采动-水压-隐伏断层作用下,隐伏断层将对采动应力随工作面移动起到阻隔作用;隐伏断层顶部受矿压-水压作用的破坏程度时机更早、程度更严重,更易诱发导水裂隙发育,隐伏断层原生裂隙扩展并向逆工作面推进方向上方发育,与采动破坏带沟通形成突水通道;采动承压水导升运移与采动裂隙发育紧密相关,采动承压水导升强度及强渗流区范围随工作面推进渐进发展,底板隐伏断层采动突水先出现隐伏断层上方采空区,突水量随工作面推进渐进增加。在将含隐伏断层底板采动空间划分为隐伏断层采动活化区、阻隔水区和采动影响区的基础上,揭示了承压水上底板下位隐伏断层突水机制。Due to the wide distribution,large quantity,strong invisibility and difficult detection,the activated water inrush of buried fault on the bottom strata has become one of the main forms of deep mining water inrush.According to the development scale and spatial loca-tion of buried fault,three modes of water inrush are summarized:water inrush due to connection of floor and buried fault,water inrush of upper and lower buried fault.According to the water inrush mode of the floor of buried fault at the bottom of coal seam above stressed wa-ter body,the development of induced floor stress during mining,the extension of buried fault and the evolution of water inrush passages during coal mining are studied by mechanical analysis,physical simulation of floor water inrush and FLAC3D numerical modelling.The results show that with the advance of working surface,the floor rock close to the coal seam is subjected to a compression-unloading-recov-ery process forming mining-induced failure zone.The stress within the floor is horizontal“S”shape with a boundary of the working face.Under the effect of mining-water pressure-buried fault,the buried fault blocks the extraction-induced stress with the movement of the working face.The degree of damage of the mining pressure-hydraulic pressure of the buried fault is earlier and more serious which is more likely to induce the development of water conducting fractures.The pre-existing fractures of buried fault expands and develops upward in the opposite direction of advance of the working face,forming the water inrush passages by connecting with the mining-induced destruc-tion zone.The rise of the pressured water is closely related to the mining fracture development.The rise intensity of mining-induced pres-sured water and the range of strong seepage area develop gradually with the advance of the working face.The buried fault mining area above the hidden fault.The amount of water increases gradually with the advance of the working surface.On the basis of the division of the floor with b

关 键 词：隐伏断层 突水机制 底板突水 深部开采 采动-水压作用 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]