基于遥感与大数据分析的国家级贫困县差异化脱贫模式及社会经济效应  

Poverty Alleviation Pathways and ItsSocioeconomic Effectiveness of National Poverty-stricken Counties Based on Remote Sensing and Social Perception Data

作　　者：袁燕萍 吴鹏海 宗会明[1] 叶许春[1] YUAN Yanping;WU Penghai;ZONG Huiming;YE Xuchun(School of Geographical Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [2]安徽大学信息材料与智能感知安徽省实验室,合肥230601

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2023年第2期137-142,共6页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071028,41842002)。

摘　　要：以安徽省安庆市5个原国家级贫困县为例,基于土地利用和夜间灯光遥感数据、微博签到POI和关键词感知数据对贫困县脱贫过程及社会经济效应开展综合定量研究,探讨不同县域的脱贫模式。结果表明:脱贫前后五县土地利用结构、城镇化水平以及公众情感明显改变,经济建设和民生福祉大幅提升。综合考虑土地利用结构、灯光指数、POI密度及城市功能地域的社会发展评价可知,潜山脱贫工作取得的效果最好,其次是望江、太湖和宿松,岳西相对最差。各县利用政策和资源优势,在旅游开发、工业及农业产业化中创新了多种产业脱贫发展模式。社会感知数据能很好地反映民众对地理环境的认知和情感变迁,是社会发展评价的重要补充;贫困地区要进一步巩固脱贫攻坚成果和推进乡村振兴,需在国家战略背景下因地制宜制定可持续发展路线,增强内生发展动力。Taking five former state-level poor counties in Anqing City of Anhui Province as examples,this paper conducted a comprehensive and quantitative study on the poverty alleviation process and socioeconomic effectiveness of poverty-stricken counties based on land use and night light remote sensing data,Weibo check-in POI and keyword perception data.Meanwhile,the poverty alleviation pathways in different counties were further investigated.The results show that the structure of land use,the level of urbanization and the public emotional in the five counties have changed significantly before and after poverty alleviation,and regional economy and people’s livelihood have improved enormously.The comprehensive assessment of socioeconomic development considering land use structure,light index,POI density and urban functional area,shows that Qianshan City has achieved the best effectiveness of poverty alleviation,followed by Wangjiang,Taihu,Susong,and Yuexi.By using natural resource and policy advantages,each of the counties has innovated the multi-functional development mode of poverty alleviation in tourism development,industrialization,and agricultural industrialization.It is concluded that social perception data is a pretty good indicator of the public’s perception of geographical environment and emotional concern,which can be an important supplement to the assessment of social development.In the process of consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and promoting rural revitalization,the poor areas are supposed to formulate sustainable development routes in light of local conditions with full consideration of national strategies,and enhance the endogenous development impetus.

关 键 词：遥感 社会感知 夜间灯光 土地利用 脱贫攻坚 安庆市 

分 类 号：F127.41[经济管理—世界经济]