数字经济时代互联网使用如何影响农业劳动力转移决策?——基于CGSS数据的实证分析  

How internet use affects agricultural workforce transfer decision during digital economy era?: Empirical analysis based on CGSS data

作　　者：王伟新[1] 许蒋鸿 陆玮 殷徐康 WANG Weixin;XU Jianghong;LU Wei;YIN Xukang(School of Economics,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China;PlanningFinance Office,Zhejiang Business College,Hangzhou 310053,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学经济学院,杭州310018 [2]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,杭州310008 [3]浙江商业职业技术学院计划财务处,杭州310053

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2023年第4期257-273,共17页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(21CJY037);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC790145);浙江省自然科学基金探索项目(LQ20G030007)。

摘　　要：为从理论与实证上探讨数字经济时代中国农村剩余劳动力向城市转移这一典型“三农”问题的解决,利用2010、2012、2013、2015和2017年5期中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,系统分析了互联网使用对农业劳动力转移决策的影响及作用机制。结果表明:1)互联网使用效用水平的提高显著促进了农业劳动力向城市转移,在一系列的稳健性检验后,结果依旧成立。2)个体异质性分析发现,互联网使用对30~60岁及高收入农业劳动力群体的转移决策影响更大;区域异质性分析发现,互联网使用对四大地区及五大经济带农业劳动力转移决策的影响不尽相同,同时在高水平数字经济发展区对农业劳动力向城市转移的带动作用比低水平区更强。3)机制分析表明,互联网使用通过生产效应、就业效应、渠道效应、韧性效应进一步影响农业劳动力的转移决策。由此,提出聚焦乡村产业、乡村生产、乡村服务、乡村建设数字化“四位一体”的政策建议。The aim of this study is to explore the solution of the “moving to city” phenomenon of Chinese rural surplus workforce, which is a typical problem among issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area in the era of digital economy. This research uses five phases of China General Social Survey(CGSS) data in 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2017 to systematically analyze the influence of internet use on agricultural workforce transfer decision and its function mechanism. The results show that: 1) The improvement of the utility level of internet use has significantly promoted the transfer of agricultural workforce to cities, and after a series of robustness tests, the results are still true. 2) Individual heterogeneity analysis discovers that internet use has a greater impact on the transfer decision between 30 and 60 and high-income agricultural workforce group;The regional heterogeneity analysis discovers that internet use has different impact on the agricultural workforce transfer decision in four main regions and five economic belts, and the driving effect in high-level digital economy development areas is stronger than that in low-level areas. 3) The mechanism analysis shows that internet use further affects the transfer decision of the agricultural workforce through the production effect, employment effect, channel effect and resilience effect. Therefore, this study puts forward the policy proposal of focusing on the “Four-in-One” of rural industry, rural production, rural service and rural construction digitalization.

关 键 词：互联网 农业劳动力 转移决策 传导机制 CGSS 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济] F323.6