大学章程的效力论——以中国裁判文书网29份判决书为研究对象  

The Effectiveness of University Charter--Taking 29 Judgments of the China Judicial Document Network as the Research Object

作　　者：王世涛[1] 孙仁慈 WANG Shitao;SUN Renci(School of Law,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2023年第2期100-108,共9页Qilu Journal

摘　　要：通过研读中国裁判文书网十年来29份出现“大学章程”字样的裁判文书发现,大学章程在司法裁判的具体适用中表现为在案件审理中仅作为证据使用,在私法领域作为契约适用,在公法领域作为裁判补充论证适用,可知我国大学章程在司法领域的法律功能相对有限,因而如何认定大学章程的效力就成为扩展大学章程法律功能、提升大学章程司法适用性的关键。分析大学章程作为软法的法律性质,探讨其在公私法领域适用的理论问题,有利于重塑大学章程在诉讼格局中的效力,即应在教育法典中明确大学的法律地位和大学章程的效力;在私法领域着重审查民办大学章程,同时改变大学章程中关于教师聘任合同法律性质的内容;在公法领域建立大学章程的附带性审查制度。以此为基础,方可实现大学章程的应有效能。Through studying 29 judicial documents with the words"university charter"in the past ten years on the China Judicial Document Network,we can find that the specific application of the university charter in judicial adjudication is only as evidence in the trial of cases,as a contract in the field of private law,and as a supplementary demonstration in the field of public law.We can see that the legal function of the University Charter is relatively limited.Therefore,how to identify the legal nature and effectiveness of the university charter becomes the key to expand the legal function of the university charter.This paper analyzes the legal nature of the university charter as a soft law,and discusses the different theoretical issues of its application rules in the field of public and private law,with a view to reshaping the effectiveness of the university charter in the litigation pattern,that is,by clarifying the legal status of the university and the effectiveness of the university charter in the education code,focusing on the review of the private university charter in the field of private law,while changing the teacher appointment system,and establishing the incidental review system of the university charter in the field of public law.On this basis,the due effectiveness of the university charter can be realized.

关 键 词：大学章程 软法 效力 附带性审查 

分 类 号：D911[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]