管电极电解加工铝合金非均匀残余应力的测量研究  

Application of Measuring Nonuniform Residual Stress in Aluminum Alloy by Electromachining with Tube Electrode

作　　者：尚晓峰 董嘉智 李小凡 李苏航 Shang Xiaofeng;Dong Jiazhi;Li Xiaofan;Li Suhang(School of Mechatronics Engineering,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学机电工程学院,沈阳市110136

出　　处：《工具技术》2023年第3期49-55,共7页Tool Engineering

摘　　要：设计了一种可以精确控制制孔深度的管电极电解加工制孔的装置,采用逐层钻孔的方法测量铝合金沿深度方向的残余应力。以2B06铝合金为研究对象,采用质量分数为5%的NaCl溶液作为电解液,通过试验得到最优的电解加工参数组合为:管电极的进给速度2.5mm/min,初始加工间隙2.0mm,恒电流0.5A。采用5层钻孔法,制孔的步进深度为0.05mm,利用应变仪采用机械钻孔法测量了不同层深的残余应力,并与电解法测量的残余应力进行对比,平均差值接近15%。使用XRD衍射仪结合剥层法测量了铝合金残余应力,以衍射法的测量结果为基准,电解法测量的相对误差接近10%,机械法误差较大。验证了管电极电解加工的小孔法测量残余应力的可行性。A hole-making device for tube electrode electrochemical machining is designed, which can accurately control the depth of hole-making.The residual stress of aluminum alloy along the depth direction is measured by drilling layer by layer.Taking 2B06 aluminum alloy as the research object and using 5% NaCl solution as the electrolyte, the best electrochemical machining parameters are obtained through the experiment: the feed speed of tube electrode is 2.5mm/min, the initial machining gap is 2.0mm, and the constant current is 0.5A.The residual stress of different layer depths is measured by mechanical drilling with strain gauge and compared with the residual stress measured by electrolysis method.The average difference is nearly 15%.The residual stress of aluminum alloy is measured by XRD diffractometer and stripping method.The relative error of electrolysis method is close to 10%,while the error of mechanical method is larger.The feasibility of measuring residual stress by small hole method in electromachining of tube electrode is verified.

关 键 词：管电极 残余应力 2B06铝合金 小孔法 

分 类 号：TG166.3[金属学及工艺—热处理] TH162.1[金属学及工艺—金属学]