貉源多杀性巴氏杆菌分离、鉴定及特征分析  

Isolation,identification and characteristic analysis of Pasteurella multocida fromraccoon dog

作　　者：张召兴 高桂生[2] 史秋梅[1] ZHANG Zhaoxing;GAO Guisheng;SHI Qiumei(Department of Animal Husbandry Medicine,Hebei Tourism Vocational College,Chengde,Hebei 067000,China;Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Heibei Province,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066604,China)

机构地区：[1]河北旅游职业学院畜牧兽医系,河北承德067000 [2]河北科技师范学院河北省预防兽医学重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066604

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2023年第3期497-503,共7页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：河北省科技厅基金资助项目(182429G);河北省第三批巨人计划中草药防治畜禽水产养殖动物传染病科研创新团队基金资助项目。

摘　　要：为了鉴定引起貉呼吸道疾病的病菌并分析其生物学特征,2018—2020年采集河北地区养殖场中患呼吸道疾病貉的咽拭子、病死貉肺脏心血等病料组织291份,采用分离培养、形态学观察、生化鉴定及PCR等方法对多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida,PM)进行鉴定,采用人工感染小鼠试验、PCR方法和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测PM的致病性、荚膜血清型、毒力基因及耐药性,根据致病性、荚膜血清型和毒力基因携带情况选择代表株,并检测其半数致死量(LD50)。结果显示,分离得到了163株PM,其中94株能引起小鼠的死亡,其死亡率在40.0%~100.0%之间;94株致病性PM属于4种血清型,以荚膜血清A型(31.9%),荚膜B型(25.5%),荚膜D型(37.2%)为优势流行血清型;94株PM毒力基因psl、exbD、exbB、fimA、oma87、tonB、sodA、fur、sodC、plpB、hgbA、hgbB、ompA、ompH、oxA、pfhA检出率在50.0%~100.0%之间,其他毒力检出率在34.0%~48.9%之间,致病性菌株与携带的毒力基因具有一定相关性,致病性菌株至少携带5种毒力基因;94株PM对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、新霉素等12种药物的耐药率在41.5%以上,对其他药物的耐药率在6.4%~38.3%之间,以耐11(13.8%)、10(14.9%)、9(17.0%)种药物菌株为主;优势荚膜血清型代表株PM-1(A型),PM-2(B型),PM-2(D型)的LD50分别为3.16×10^(6),3.22×10^(6)和3.16×10^(4)CFU/mL。本研究为该地区貉源多杀性巴氏杆菌病流行病学调查及的防控提供了参考依据。In order to identify the bacteria causing respiratory diseases of raccoon dogs and analyze their biological characteristics,from 2018 to 2020,291 samples of throat swabs,lungs and heart blood of dead raccoon dogs suffering from respiratory diseases in farms in Hebei were collected.Pasteurella multocida(PM)was identified by isolation and culture,morphological observation,biochemical identification and PCR,and mice were artificially infected.The pathogenicity,capsular serotype,virulence gene and drug resistance of PM were detected by PCR and K-B drug sensitive disk method.The representative strains were selected according to the pathogenicity,capsular serotype and virulence gene,and their median lethal dose(LD50)was detected.The results showed that 163 strains of PM were isolated,of which 94 strains could cause the death of mice,and the mortality was between 40.0%-100.0%.All pathogenic PM strains belonged to four serotypes:capsule serotype A(31.9%),capsule serotype B(25.5%)and capsule serotype D(37.2%).The detection rates of PM virulence genes psl,exbD,exbB,fimA,oma87,tonB,sodA,fur,sodC,plpB,hgbA,hgbB,ompA,ompH,oxAand pfhA were 50.0%-100.0%,and the detection rates of other virulence genes were 34.0%-48.9%,the pathogenic strains were related to the virulence genes.The pathogenic strains carried at least 5virulence genes.The resistance rate of 94PM strains to 12drugs such as amoxicillin,ampicillin and neomycin was more than 41.5%,and the resistance rate to other drugs was between 6.4%-38.3%.The LD50 of dominant capsule serotype representative strains PM-1(type A),PM-2(type B)and PM-2(type D)were 3.16×10^(6),3.22×10^(6),3.16×10^(4)CFU/mL,respectively.This study provides a reference basis for the epidemiological investigation and prevention and control of polycidal Pasteurellosis of raccoon dogs in this area.

关 键 词：貉 多杀性巴氏杆菌 致病性 血清型 毒力基因 药敏试验 LD50 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]