破坏军婚罪的定罪机理澄清与出罪路径建构  

Clarification of the Criminalization Mechanism and Construction of the Decriminalization Path for the Crime of Breaking Military Marriage

作　　者：马文博 Ma Wenbo

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2023年第2期144-159,164,共17页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

摘　　要：尽管我国《刑法》并未规定通奸罪,但在一般观念中存在着与军人配偶通奸构成犯罪的认识,这种认识起源于破坏军婚罪规范涵摄过程的暧昧不明。既有讨论对此现象的忽略,不利于刑法学理论基于本土素材向纵深发展。破坏军婚罪的保护法益既非家庭关系也非伦理道德,从制度沿革与规制目的出发,本罪是保护国防利益的抽象危险犯。遵循实质解释并不意味着本罪的构成要件类型包括“明知是军人配偶仍与之通奸”,后者仅仅是构成要件涵摄过程中小前提的下位事实,需同时结合其他在案事实共同判断行为人是否符合本罪的构成要件。在此基础上,还应将单纯的“通奸”、不符合因果关联以及不具备可谴责性的情形排除在犯罪圈之外,最终从整体上描摹出本罪的基本形象。Although China's eriminal law does not provide for the crime of adultery,there is a general perception that adultery with a military spouse constitutes a crime.This perception stems from the ambiguity of the subsumption in the judicial application of the erime of breaking military marriage.The existing discussion has not given sufficient attention to this phenomenon,which has hindered the deep development of the transformation of eriminal law knowledge based on local resources.The legal interest protected by the erime of breaking military marriage is neither family relations nor moral ethies.From the perspective of institutional development and regulatory purposes,this erime is an abstraet potential damage offence to the protection of the interests of national defence.Following the substantive interpretation does not mean that the types of elements of this crime include“knowingly committing adultery with a military spouse”;the latter is only a subordinate fact that is a minor premise in the process of inclusion of the constituent elements,and must be combined with other facts in the case to determine whether the perpetrator meets the constituent elements of the crime.It is also important to exclude from the circle of crime those cases that are simply“adultery”,that do not meet the causal link and that do not have responsibilities,so as to finally portray the basic image of the crime as a whole.

关 键 词：破坏军婚罪 国防利益 定罪机理 出罪路径 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]