对东汉黄巾教团的重新认识  

Re-understanding of the Yellow Turban Religious Communityin the Eastern Han Dynasty

作　　者：刘泳斯[1] Liu Yongsi

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学哲学与宗教学学院

出　　处：《国学学刊》2023年第1期108-114,140,共8页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

摘　　要：张角等人利用“黄天”(中黄太一)信仰排斥来自各地流民原有的各种地方性民间信仰,以此达到统一思想、增强内部凝聚力的作用,从而建立了组织化程度较高的黄巾教团。与地方性民间信仰敌对的黄巾教团,更愿意靠拢或者说攀附儒家谶纬经学,以此获得更多的神圣权威和信仰资源。东汉统治阶级内部宦官集团与儒家“党人”之间利用私通黄巾教团的罪名彼此攻讦,加剧对黄巾教团信徒的宗教迫害,这一不恰当的宗教政策直接引发了黄巾起义。以往的黄巾起义研究,常将黄巾教团的宗教活动仅仅视为农民起义的准备;今后可以从宗教学等新的视角切入,对黄巾起义和黄巾教团进行扩展性研究。Zhang Jiao and other leaders used the"Yellow Heaven"(Middle Yellow Taiyi)belief to reject the local folk beliefs of the refugees from all over the country,so as to achieve unify their thoughts and enhance internal cohesion,thus establishing a highly organized Yellow Turban Religious Community.The community,who was hostile to local folk beliefs,was more willing to lean on or climb into Confucian prophetic scripture as a way to gain more divine authority and faith resources.The eunuchs and Confucian"party members"within the ruling class of the Easterm Han Dynasty used the charge of fornicating with the Yellow Turban Order to denounce each other,intensifying the religious persecution of the followers of Yellow Turban.This inappropriate religious policy led directly to the Yellow Turban Uprising.Previous studies on the Yellow Turban Uprising often regarded the religious activities of the Yellow Turban Community only as preparation for the peasant uprising.In the future,we can expand the study of the Yellow Turban Uprising and the Yellow Turban Religious Community from new perspectives such as religion.

关 键 词：黄巾起义 五德终始 政教关系 早期道教 

分 类 号：K234.2[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]