运动疲劳通过HPA轴及促海马细胞凋亡诱导大鼠抑郁样行为  

Exercise-induced chronic fatigue causes depression-like behavior in rats via HPA axis and hippocampal cell apoptosis

作　　者：金硕 张博威 刘敬祺 张晓晓 祁金顺[2] 孙丽娜[1,3] JIN Shuo;ZHANG Bowei;LIU Jingqi;ZHANG Xiaoxiao;QI Jinshun;SUN Lina(College of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875;Department of Physiology,Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001;State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875 [2]山西医科大学生理学系细胞生理学教育部重点实验室,太原030001 [3]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《神经解剖学杂志》2023年第1期79-84,共6页Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32000835);北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室开放课题(CNLZD2104)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨运动疲劳导致大鼠抑郁样行为的相关神经调控机制。方法:将SPF级健康雄性大鼠随机分为对照组(Control)和疲劳组(Fatigue),疲劳组大鼠采用Ⅲ级递增负荷跑台训练方案建立运动疲劳模型。使用悬尾和强迫游泳实验评估大鼠的抑郁样行为,利用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)测定大鼠血浆中促肾上腺激素(ACTH)和皮质醇(CORT)的浓度,采用免疫组织化学染色观察胱天蛋白酶-3(caspase-3)的表达,同时通过RT-PCR检测大鼠海马区凋亡因子caspase-3、B淋巴细胞瘤2(Bcl-2)mRNA的表达。结果:疲劳组大鼠在悬尾和强迫游泳时的不动时间较对照组大鼠显著性增加(P<0.05),表现出抑郁样行为。同时,疲劳组大鼠血浆中ACTH和CORT的浓度也明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学染色发现,疲劳组大鼠海马区单位面积caspase-3阳性细胞数量显著增多(P<0.01),并且阳性染色较深,出现膜破碎、胞体肿胀现象。RT-PCR显示,疲劳组大鼠海马组织caspase-3 mRNA表达水平较对照组显著升高(P<0.05),而Bcl-2 mRNA的表达大幅降低(P<0.05)。结论:运动疲劳可导致大鼠抑郁样行为增多,并伴有下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴紊乱和海马区神经细胞凋亡。Objective:To investigate the central neural mechanisms associated with increased depression-like behavior in rats caused by exercise-induced chronic fatigue.Methods:Healthy male rats of specific pathogen free(SPF)class were randomly divided into control group(Control)and fatigue group(Fatigue),and the fatigue group rats were used to establish an exercise-induced chronic fatigue model using an incremental running platform training protocol at level III.The depression-like behaviors of rats were assessed by tail suspension test(TST)and forced swimming test(FST),the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)and corticosterone(CORT)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and the expression of cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3(caspase-3)was observed by immunohistochemical staining.The expression of apoptosis factor caspase-3 and B-lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)mRNA in hippocampus was examined by RT-PCR.Results:The rats in the fatigue group showed significantly increased immobility time during tail suspension and forced swimming compared to the control rats(P<0.05),and exhibited depression-like behavior.Also,the concentrations of ACTH and CORT in the plasma of rats in the fatigue group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the number of caspase-3 positive cells per unit area in the hippocampus of the fatigued rats was significantly increased(P<0.01),and the positive staining was darker,with membrane fragmentation and cytosolic swelling.RT-PCR showed that the expression level of caspase-3 mRNA in the hippocampus of the fatigued rats was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA was significantly lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:Exercise-induced chronic fatigue leads to increased depressive-like behavior in rats with HPA axis disorder and apoptosis in hippocampus.

关 键 词：运动疲劳 抑郁样行为 下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴 海马 细胞凋亡 大鼠 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]