不同饵料密度和盐度下褶皱臂尾轮虫的生活史特征  

Life history characteristics of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis under different food densities and salinities

作　　者：刘毅 崔宇翔 罗颖[2] 祁洪芳[2] 杨建新[2] 吴洪芳[2] 曲疆奇 张清靖 LIU Yi;CUI Yuxiang;LUO Ying;QI Hongfang;YANG Jianxin;WU Hongfang;QU Jiangqi;ZHANG Qingjing(Beijing Key Laboratory of fishery Biotechnology,Fisheries Science Institute,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100068,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Lake Naked Carps Breeding and Conservation,Rescue and Rehabilitation Center of Naked Carps of Qinghai Lake,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory for Hydrobiology in Liaoning Province,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院水产科学研究所,渔业生物技术北京市重点实验室,北京100068 [2]青海湖裸鲤救护中心,青海省青海湖裸鲤繁育与保护重点实验室,西宁810016 [3]大连海洋大学,辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第4期897-904,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD0900103);河北省重点研发计划项目(22326701D,19226703D);现代农业产业技术体系北京市渔业创新团队项目(BAIC07-2022-06);北京市农林科学院青年基金项目(QNJJ202020)资助。

摘　　要：为探索低盐驯化褶皱臂尾轮虫规模化培育的可行性,本实验以小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)为饵料,在饵料密度1.0×10^(4)、1.0×10^(5)、1.0×10^(6)、1.0×10^(7)和1.0×10^(8) cells·mL^(-1)下,采用单个体培养法,研究了盐度23及盐度6的褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)的生活史特征。结果表明:随着饵料密度的升高,两组盐度轮虫的生殖期、平均寿命、产卵量、生命期望、净生殖率、世代时间和种群内禀增长率均呈现出先升高再降低(P<0.05);盐度6的轮虫在饵料密度1.0×10^(6)、1.0×10^(7)和1.0×10^(8) cells·mL^(-1)下的生殖前期显著小于饵料密度1.0×10^(4)和1.0×10^(5)cells·mL^(-1)下的生殖前期(P<0.05);盐度23的轮虫在饵料密度1.0×10^(6)和1.0×10^(7)cells·mL^(-1)下的生殖前期显著小于饵料密度1.0×10^(4)、1.0×10^(5)和1.0×108 cells·mL^(-1)的生殖前期(P<0.05)。饵料密度1.0×10^(4)cells·mL^(-1)下盐度6的轮虫净生殖率和种群内禀增长率均显著低于盐度23的轮虫(P<0.05);饵料密度1.0×10^(5)cells·mL^(-1)下盐度6的轮虫的生命期望显著高于盐度23的轮虫(P<0.05);饵料密度1.0×10^(6)cells·mL^(-1)以上时,盐度6的轮虫的产卵量、净生殖率和种群内禀增长率均显著高于盐度23的轮虫(P<0.05)。通过生活史特征比较,褶皱臂尾轮虫由于淡水起源性,能够从盐度23的环境逐步驯化到盐度6的环境,且在饵料密度大于1.0×10^(6)cells·mL^(-1)下盐度6的褶皱臂尾轮虫的生殖率要高于盐度23,其低盐规模培育是可行的。To explore the feasibility of large-scale cultivation of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis under low salinity,we investigated life history characteristics of B.plicatilis under salinity-23 and salinity-6 and fed with Chlorella vulgaris at 1.0×10^(4),1.0×10^(5),1.0×10^(6),1.0×10^(7)and 1.0×10^(8)cells·mL^(-1) by single culture method.The results showed that the reproductive duration,average life span,spawning quantity,life expectancy at hatching(e0),net reproductive rate(R0),generation time(T),and intrinsic rate of population increase(rm)of B.plicatilis in both two salinities increased at first and then decreased with increasing feed densities(P<0.05).The duration of juvenile B.plicatilis under salinity-6 under three food densities of 1.0×10^(6),1.0×10^(7)and 1.0×10^(8)cells·mL^(-1) was smaller than that under food densities of 1.0×10^(4)and 1.0×10^(5)cells·mL^(-1)(P<0.05).The duration of juvenile B.plicatilis under salinity-23 under food densities of 1.0×10^(6)and 1.0×10^(7)cells·mL^(-1) was smaller than that under food densities of 1.0×10^(4),1.0×10^(5)and 1.0×10^(8)cells·mL^(-1)(P<0.05).The R0 and rm of B.plicatilis under salinity-6 were lower than those under salinity-23 in food density of 1.0×10^(4)cells·mL^(-1).The e0 of B.plicatilis under salinity-6 was significantly higher than that under salinity-23 in food density of 1.0×10^(5)cells·mL^(-1).When food density was above 1.0×10^(6)cells·mL^(-1),the oviposition quantity,R0 and rm of B.plicatilis under salinity-6 were significantly higher than those under salinity-23.Our results indicated that B.plicatilis under salinity-23 can gradually acclimate to the environment under salinity-6,due to its freshwater origin.The reproductive rate of B.plicatilis under salinity-6 is higher than that under salinity-23 under food density of above 1.0×10^(6)cells·mL^(-1).It is feasible for large-scale cultivation of rotifer B.plicatilis under low salinity.

关 键 词：褶皱臂尾轮虫 小球藻 饵料密度 低盐驯化 生活史特征 

分 类 号：S963.214[农业科学—水产养殖]