秦岭细鳞鲑(Brachymystax tsinlingensis)与细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok)当年幼鱼几何形态学特征的比较  

A comparative study on geometric morphology between current-year juvenile Brachymystax tsinlingensis and Brachymystax lenok

作　　者：夏静怡 郑雪丽 李平[2] 夏继刚[1,3] XIA Jingyi;ZHENG Xueli;LI Ping;XIA Jigang(Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Fish Ecology and Conservation Research Center,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]进化生理与行为学实验室,重庆市动物生物学重点实验室,重庆师范大学,重庆401331 [2]农业农村部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心,上海海洋大学,上海201306 [3]鱼类生态与保护研究中心,重庆师范大学,重庆401331

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第4期905-910,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770442);重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYS21288)资助。

摘　　要：秦岭细鳞鲑(Brachymystax tsinlingensis)和细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok)为近缘种,均为国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物,对二者当年幼鱼几何形态学特征的比较可为物种鉴定与保护、增殖放流等提供重要依据。为探究当年幼鱼的形态差异,运用Tps软件建立薄板样条模型,比较了24项相对几何形态学特征的差异并进行了主成分分析。结果表明:二者的整体结构框架背景网格在头部、背部、尾部和腹部均呈现不同程度的弯曲,细鳞鲑的头部稍尖;秦岭细鳞鲑的13项相对几何形态学特征与细鳞鲑存在显著差异(P<0.05),如背鳍基部长度(C4/C1)、臀鳍基部长度(C13/C1)、眼径(C20/C1)、头高(C25/C1)大于细鳞鲑(P<0.05),而胸鳍基部至吻端的相对距离(C16/C1)小于细鳞鲑(P<0.05)。主成分分析显示,秦岭细鳞鲑与细鳞鲑在PC1和PC2水平上仅个别样本出现重叠分布,两物种的样本相对集中。总之,秦岭细鳞鲑与细鳞鲑当年幼鱼的几何形态学特征具有显著种间差异,特别是头部和尾部特征。Brachymystax tsinlingensis and Brachymystax lenok are phylogenetically related species,both of which are national class II key protected wild animals in China.The comparison of geometric morphological characteristics of current-year juveniles in the two species can provide important basis for species identification,protection,proliferation and release.To explore the morphological differences of current-year juveniles between those two species,a thin-plate spline model was established by using the Tps software.We compared the differences of those two species with respect to 24 relative geometric morphology characteristics and also by principal component analysis.The results showed that the background grids of their overall structural framework exhibited different degrees of curvature in the head,back,tail,and abdomen.The head of B.lenok was more pointed.There were 13 relative geometric morphological features with differences between B.tsinlingensis and B.lenok(all P<0.05).The length of dorsal fin base(C4/C1),the length of anal fin base(C13/C1),eye diameter(C20/C1)and head height(C25/C1)of B.tsinlingensis was larger than that of B.lenok(P<0.05).However,the distance from pectoral fin base to snout(C16/C1)was shorter than that of B.lenok(P<0.05).Results of principal component analysis showed that only a few samples of the two species overlapped at the PC1 and PC2,and that the samples of each species were relatively concentrated.In conclusion,our results suggested that there were significant interspecific differences in the geomet-ric morphological features of current-year juveniles of B.tsinlingensis and B.lenok,especially for the features of head and tail.

关 键 词：秦岭细鳞鲑 细鳞鲑 几何形态学 近缘种 种间差异 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]