云南省2010-2019年人间布鲁氏菌病监测及流行趋势分析  

Human brucellosis surveillance and epidemic trend analysisin Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2019

作　　者：杨秋菊[1] 于彬彬[1] 张青[1] 杨向东[1] YANG Qiu-ju;YU Bin-bin;ZHANG Qing;YANG Xiang-dong(Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Focal Disease Control and Prevention,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省地方病防治所,云南省自然疫源性疾病防控技术重点实验室,大理671000

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2023年第3期258-262,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

摘　　要：目的分析2010-2019年云南省19个监测点人间布鲁氏菌病的流行情况,为开展布病监测、控制、健康教育及干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对云南省2010-2019年间19个监测点(每年2个国家级监测点和10个省级非固定监测点)的监测数据进行分析,并与同期云南省的布病疫情资料进行比对分析。结果云南省2010-2019年19个布病监测点共检测布病重点职业人群血清18654份,其中阳性539份,阳性率为2.89%,年血清学阳性率在0.94%~4.56%之间,布病的阳性率呈随年份推移而上升的趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=48.556,P<0.01);季节分布看,夏秋季略高于冬春季,4-9月共检出阳性319例,阳性人数占总数的59.18%;年龄分布看,30~50岁年龄组检出最多,各年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=81.832,P<0.01);性别分布看,男女性别比为1.37∶1,男女差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.536,P<0.01);地区分布看,阳性率最高的3个州市依次为红河州、昆明市、曲靖市,病例呈散发状态。结论2010—2019年期间,云南省布病监测点重点职业人群阳性率总体呈上升趋势,且滇中地区职业人群阳性率较高,并有向周边地区扩散的趋势,需加强对布病重点职业人群的健康宣教及对外来牲畜的检验检疫工作,预防人间布病的流行。This study was aimed at providing a scientific basis for brucellosis surveillance,control,health education,and intervention measures by analyzing the prevalence of brucellosis in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2019.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze data from 19 surveillance points(two national surveillance points and ten provincial surveillance points)in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2019,which were compared with data on brucellosis epidemic status in Yunnan Province in the same period.From 2010 to 2019,18654 serum samples from 19 brucellosis surveillance points in Yunnan Province were analyzed,of which 539 were positive,with a positivity rate of 2.89%.The annual serological positive rate was between 0.94%and 4.56%.The positivity rate of brucellosis increased over time(χ_( trend)^(2)=48.556,P<0.01).The numbers of cases in summer and autumn were slightly higher than those in winter and spring.A total of 319 positive cases were detected from April to September,accounting for 59.18%of the total.The group 30-50 years of age had the most cases,and the positivity rate of each age group was statistically significant(χ^(2)=81.832,P<0.01).The ratio of cases between men and women was 1.37∶1,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=34.536,P<0.01).The prefectures and cities with the highest positivity rate were Honghe Prefecture,Kunming City,and Qujing City,and the cases were sporadic.From 2010 to 2019,the positivity rates among key occupational groups at brucellosis surveillance points in Yunnan Province showed an overall increasing trend,and the positivity rate among occupational groups in Cen tral Yunnan was higher,and showed a trend of spreading to surrounding areas.Health education for key occupational groups susceptible to brucellosis,and inspection and quarantine of foreign livestock are necessary to decrease the prevalence of brucellosis among humans.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌病 监测 云南省 

分 类 号：R516.7[医药卫生—内科学]