中蒙边境阿尔泰山区鼠疫调查研究  

Plague in the Altai Mountains at the Sino-Mongolian border

作　　者：刘戈 张晖 尹小平 吉格尔·卡买勒 库君涛 白岑 李冬梅 赵伟荣 崔晓辉 尹达 方瑞 LIU Ge;ZHANG Hui;YIN Xiao-ping;JIGER Kamale;KU Jun-tao;BAI Cen;LI Dong-mei;ZHAO Wei-rong;CUI Xiao-hui;YIN Da;FANG Rui(Vector Biology Laboratory of Altay Customs,Altay 836500,China)

机构地区：[1]阿勒泰海关病媒生物实验室,阿勒泰836500

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2023年第3期294-298,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：海关总署科技基金项目(No.2016IK264)。

摘　　要：目的探索中蒙边境阿尔泰山区鼠疫自然疫源地,为做好边境地区疫情防控提供依据。方法在中蒙边境阿尔泰山区建立野外帐篷实验室鼠疫监测点,用1日弓型夹法在自毙鼠洞、洞旁、周边洞群布局捕鼠,采用胶体金免疫层析(GICA)、上转发光(UPT-3A)、微量血凝(IHA)或(RIHA)、酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)4种方法,检测所获标本鼠疫菌F1抗原和抗体携带情况。结果监测中共捕获小兽类5科7属7种163只。首次从中蒙边境阿尔泰山花海子区捕获的长尾黄鼠中检出鼠疫菌F1抗原阳性1份、抗体4份,在9只林鼬中检出鼠疫菌F1抗体阳性8份、在赤狐中检出F1抗体阳性2份。阳性检出点分为3片,总面积约0.357 hm^(2)。为控制疫情扩散,启动了鼠疫预警应急预案,及时开展了处置。结论首次发现中蒙边境阿尔泰山区存在动物鼠疫,应进一步加大调查研究,查清该区域鼠疫分布和流行规律,为当地做好鼠疫防控提供科学依据。This study explored the natural plague foci in the Altai Mountains at the Sino-Mongolian border,to provide a basis for epidemic prevention and control in the border area.A plague monitoring point in a wild tent laboratory was established in the Altai Mountains at the Sino-Mongolian border.Rats were trapped in self-killing rat holes,beside the hole and surrounding holes with the 1-day bow clip method.Four methods:transluminescence(UPT-3A),microhemagglutination(IHA),RIHA,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were used to detect the Yersinia pestis F1 antigen and antibodies in the obtained specimens.A total of 163 small mammals in five families,seven genera,and seven species were captured during the monitoring.One Y.pestis F1 antigen and four antibodies were detected in the Citellus undulatus captured in the Huahaizi area of the Altai Mountains on the China-Mongolia border.Eight of nine Mustela putorius and two Vulpes vulpeswere positive for Y.pestis F1 antibody.The areas with positive detection were divided into three parts,with a total area of approximately 0.357 hm^(2).To control the spread of the epidemic,a plague early warning emergency plan was implemented,and the disposal was carried out in a timely manner.This is the first report of animal plague in the Altai Mountains at the Sino-Mongolian border.Further investigation and research should be conducted to determine the distribution and prevalence of plague in this area,to provide a scientific basis for local plague prevention and control.

关 键 词：鼠疫监测 鼠疫菌F1抗原 鼠疫菌F1抗体 中蒙边境 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]