莫言小说的圣经原型书写——以《梦境与杂种》《丰乳肥臀》《等待摩西》为中心  

On the Biblical Archetypal Writing of Mo Yan’s Novels:with a Focus on Dreams and Mongrels,Beaux Seins,Belles Fesses and Waiting for Moses

作　　者：王丽叶 WANG Liye(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Hunan University,Changsha 410012,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学中国语言文学学院,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《东莞理工学院学报》2023年第2期41-47,共7页Journal of Dongguan University of Technology

摘　　要：自1992年推出《梦境与杂种》以来,莫言又陆续创作了《丰乳肥臀》(1995年)、《等待摩西》(2018年)两部关涉宗教文化的小说。这三部小说虽依然聚焦于高密东北乡的人事,却因宗教的介入而展现出新的特质。在人物形象塑造上,三部小说受《圣经》影响颇深。读者很容易从莫洛亚先生、马洛亚牧师的异国传教经历,柳摩西的出走和改名换姓,以及上官鲁氏与马秀美的身上看到《圣经》中人物的影子。故事的叙述也遵循着从“神的抛弃”到“人间苦难”再到“基督再临”的U形结构,在对苦难和救赎的描写中传递出别样的人生况味。不过,在这些人身上我们再难看到虔诚的信仰和因信得救的神迹。小说在叙述中表现出莫言对民族身份的思索及对现代人精神状况的隐忧——在滚滚而来的历史大潮中,人们的信仰早已失落,在市场经济和消费主义浪潮的裹挟下,整个社会已然成为东方与西方“杂交”的产物,正如树叶与上官金童无法摆脱的“杂种”身份。Since Dreams and Mongrels in 1992,Mo Yan has written two novels related to religious culture,Beaux Seins,Belles Fesses(1995)and Waiting for Moses(2018).Although the above three novels still focus on the personnel of northeast Gaomi Township,they show new characteristics due to the intervention of religion.The three novels are deeply influenced by the Bible in terms of the characters.It is easy for readers to associate the biblical figures with Mr.Moloya,Pastor Maloya’s missionary experience abroad,Liu Moses’departure and his name change and the woman Shangguan Lu and Ma Xiumei.The narrative structure of the novels also follow the U-shaped structure from god’s abandonment-human suffering-second coming of Christ,conveying special life perception in the description of suffering and redemption.However,the characters in these novels are mostly spiritless and faithless,which shows Mo Yan’s thinking about national identity and the hidden worries about the spiritual condition of modern people.People’s faith has long been lost in the process of history,while the whole society also has become the hybrid product of the East and the West,just like the hybrid identity,which Shu Ye and Shangguan Jintong can never get rid of.

关 键 词：莫言 圣经原型 U形结构 精神信仰 民族寓言 

分 类 号：I207.42[文学—中国文学]