西藏地区冰崩灾害研究进展  

Advances in the study of glacier avalanches in Tibet

作　　者：张议芳 刘阳 苏鹏程[4] 韦方强 黄海涛 陈乔[1] ZHANG Yifang;LIU Yang;SU Pengcheng;WEI Fangqiang;HUANG Haitao;CHEN Qiao(Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Architecture and Urban Planning of Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;Emergency Management Bureau of Emeishan City,Emeishan,Sichuan 614200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]重庆交通大学建筑与城市规划学院,重庆400074 [4]中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [5]峨眉山市应急管理局,四川峨眉山614200

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2023年第2期132-145,共14页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：西藏自治区自然资源厅防治能力体系建设项目(2020-0890-2);西藏自治区日喀则市科技计划项目(RKZ2020kj01);浙江省岩石力学与地质灾害重点实验室开放基金(ZJRMG-2019-01)。

摘　　要：随着全球气候的变暖,青藏高原地区冰川消融、退缩加剧,稳定性降低,增加了冰崩灾害的发生频率。西藏地区作为青藏高原的主体部分,其冰川的稳定影响着我国及周边国家的水源及生命财产安全。文章通过梳理国内外冰崩的研究现状,整理了西藏地区冰崩灾害的定义;从地形因素、构造运动和气候作用角度分析了冰崩形成机制;归纳分析了冰崩—冰湖溃决—泥石流链式灾害、冰崩—堵溃—泥石流链式灾害、冰崩—直接型泥石流(山洪)灾害3种类型冰崩灾害链的特征;阐述了目前冰崩灾害监测预警的手段及特点,认为多种监测方式联合是冰崩灾害监测的发展趋势,展望了冰崩灾害的研究体系,以期能为后续的研究工作提供思路。With the global warming,glaciers in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are melting and retreating rapidly,and the stability of glaciers are decreasing.As the main part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,stability of glaciers affect the safety of water,life and property in China and neighboring countries.This paper summarized the research status of ice avalanches at home and abroad,and reorganized the definition of ice avalanche disasters in Tibet;Analyzed the formation mechanism of ice avalanche from the topography,tectonic movement and climate;Summarized and analyzed the characteristics of three types of ice avalanche disaster chains.Ice avalanche-glacial lake outburst-debris flow chain disaster,ice avalanche-blocking and outburst-debris flow chain disaster,ice avalanche-debris flow(flash flood)chain disaster;Described the current methods and characteristics of ice avalanche disasters monitoring and warning,and it is believed that the trend is for a combination of multiple monitoring methods for ice avalanche disaster monitoring.The research system of ice avalanche disasters is prospected in order to provide ideas for future research work.

关 键 词：西藏地区 冰崩 冰湖溃决 泥石流 灾害链 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]