水下隧道排烟阀尺寸对侧向排烟系统烟气蔓延特性影响  

Study on the influence of exhaust vent size on smoke spread characteristics of the lateral smoke exhaust system in underwater tunnels

作　　者：梁园 刘邱林 徐志胜[2] 谢宝超[2] LIANG Yuan;LIU Qiu-lin;XU Zhi-sheng;XIE Bao-chao(China Rail Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102600,China;Institute of Disaster Prevention and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司,北京102600 [2]中南大学防灾科学安全技术研究所,长沙410075

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第3期748-755,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：中国铁建股份有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2019-B20)。

摘　　要：为探究水下隧道侧向排烟阀尺寸对烟气蔓延特性的影响,依托苏震桃高速公路太湖隧道工程,采用理论分析与FDS数值模拟等方法,对水下隧道侧向排烟系统烟气蔓延特性展开分析。结果表明:随着排烟量的增加,侧向排烟阀变得越狭长,烟气控制效果越好,侧向排烟系统的排烟效率越高;随着排烟量的增大,每个排烟阀处的局部阻力损失有明显增加;并且随着排烟阀变得越来越狭长,排烟阀处局部阻力损失越小,最大能降低原有损失的15.6%。提出了排烟阀局部阻力与无量纲排烟量与无量纲排烟阀尺寸之间的拟合关系式。结合排烟效率分析结果,建议排烟阀尺寸(宽×高)选取4 m×1.5 m。To explore the influence of the lateral smoke exhaust vent size on the local resistance after tunnel fire,based on the Taihu tunnel project of Su Zhentao expressway,this paper analyzes and studies the smoke spread characteristics of the lateral smoke exhaust system of the underwater tunnel by using the methods of theoretical analysis and FDS numerical simulation.This paper mainly analyzes the smoke control effect,smoke layer distribution characteristics,smoke exhaust efficiency,and local resistance of lateral smoke exhaust systems under different smoke exhaust valve sizes and smoke exhaust volume.The results show that with the increase of smoke exhaust volume,the narrower the lateral smoke exhaust vent becomes,the better the smoke control effect is,and the greater the smoke exhaust efficiency of the lateral smoke exhaust system is.With the increase of smoke exhaust volume,the local resistance loss at each smoke exhaust vent increases significantly.And as the smoke exhaust vent becomes narrower and longer,the local resistance loss at the smoke exhaust vent becomes smaller and smaller,which can reduce the original loss by 15.6%.In this paper,the fitting relationship between the local resistance of the smoke exhaust vent and the dimensionless smoke exhaust volume and the dimensionless smoke exhaust vent size is proposed.The formula has good fitting with the local resistance of the smoke exhaust vent,which can be used to calculate the local resistance of the smoke exhaust vent under different smoke exhaust vent sizes under the lateral smoke exhaust system,and provide a reference for the calculation of the resistance of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system.Combined with the analysis results of smoke exhaust efficiency,it is suggested that the size of smoke exhaust vent should be 4 m×1.5 m,high smoke exhaust efficiency can be achieved,and the local resistance loss of the smoke exhaust vent is also small,which can reduce the resistance loss of the whole lateral smoke exhaust system.

关 键 词：安全工程 隧道火灾 排烟阀尺寸 排烟效率 烟气层 局部阻力 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]