湖南省汉族大学生1985—2019年耐力素质变化趋势及影响因素分析  

Trends and influencing factors of endurance performance of Han college students in Hunan Province during 1985-2019

作　　者：曾媛 周琼华[3] 阳益德[1,2] 陈明霞 张晓童 郑婵娟 全宏姣 ZENG Yuan;ZHOU Qionghua;YANG Yide;CHEN Mingxia;ZHANG Xiaotong;ZHENG Chanjuan;QUAN Hongjiao(Department of Child and Adolescent Hygiene,Department of Preventive Medicine,School of Medicine,Hunan Normal University,Changsha(410013),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学医学院预防医学系儿童少年卫生学教研室,长沙410013 [2]湖南师范大学医学人文研究中心 [3]湖南师范大学医院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第3期436-440,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22B0038);湖南师范大学医学人文研究项目(202101);湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210542031)。

摘　　要：目的分析1985—2019年湖南省19~22岁大学生耐力素质的变化趋势及影响因素,为高校体育卫生工作的决策提供客观科学的依据。方法采用回顾性分析方法,从1985—2019年连续进行的8次全国学生体质与健康调查中选取14490名19~22岁湖南省大学生的耐力跑数据进行分析。结果1985—2019年湖南省汉族19~22岁大学生耐力素质呈明显下降趋势,城市和乡村男生1000 m跑时间平均增加41.9,45.4 s,城市和乡村女生800 m跑时间分别平均增加29.5,30.6 s。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄(β=0.17)、城乡分布(以乡村学生为参照组,β=0.44)、GDP水平(β=0.94)以及城市化水平(β=0.44)与男生耐力跑时间均值呈正相关(P值均<0.05);城乡分布(以乡村学生为参照组,β=0.92)、GDP水平(β=1.38)以及恩格尔系数(β=0.93)与女生耐力跑时间均值呈正相关,BMI(β=-0.47)与女生耐力跑时间均值呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。结论1985—2019年湖南省汉族大学生耐力素质总体呈下降趋势,年龄、城乡分布、地区生产总值、恩格尔系数、城市化水平和BMI为耐力素质的相关因素。应采取切实有效措施提高大学生身体素质。Objective To analyze the trends and influencing factors of endurance performance of 19-22 years old college students in Hunan Province from 1985 to 2019,so as to provide objective and scientific basis for sports and health work in colleges and universities.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 14490 college students aged 19-22 in Hunan Province from 8 consecutive National Student Physical Fitness and Health Surveys conducted from 1985 to 2019.The analysis indexes were 1000 m running for boys and 800 m running for girls.Results From 1985 to 2019,the endurance running time of 19-22 years old Han college students in Hunan Province showed an obvious trend of decline.The 1000 m running time of urban and rural male students increased by 41.9 and 45.4 s on average,and the 800 m running time of urban and rural female students increased by 29.5 and 30.6 s on average,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age(β=0.17),urban students(rural students as reference;β=0.44),GDP(β=0.94)and urbanization level(β=0.44)were positively correlated with the average endurance running time of males.Urban students(β=0.92),GDP(β=1.38)and Engel coefficient(β=0.93)were positively correlated with the average endurance running time of females.BMI(β=-0.47)was negatively correlated with the females mean time of endurance running(P<0.05).Conclusion The endurance performance of Han college students in Hunan Province showed a declining trend from 1985 to 2019,which is associated with age,urban and rural distribution,regional GDP,Engel's coefficient,urbanization level and BMI.Effective measures should be taken to improve the physical quality of college students.

关 键 词：身体耐力 生长和发育 回顾性研究 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学] G804.49[文化科学—体育学] G478