激光线投影技术在轨道车辆全位置焊接控制系统中的应用  

Application of Laser Line Projection Technology in All Position Welding Control System of Rail Vehicle

作　　者：陈祺 竺星星 戴忠晨 张洪逵 CHEN Qi;ZHU Xingxing;DAI Zhongchen;ZHANG Hongkui(CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210031,China)

机构地区：[1]中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司,江苏南京210031

出　　处：《机械与电子》2023年第4期76-80,共5页Machinery & Electronics

摘　　要：为降低投影距离的定位误差,保证轨道车辆在焊接过程中的施工精度,基于激光线投影技术设计轨道车辆全位置焊接控制系统。设计光学反馈模块,确定机械光源、摄像机和镜头的结构参数;设计嵌入式平台,基于数据控制单元,实现数据的接收、连接、终止与处理。通过计算水平角与俯仰角的偏差值,自动建立轨道车辆焊接位置坐标系,计算激光投影误差,在旋转坐标下获取高斯分布的模版参数,实现激光线投影技术在轨道车辆全位置焊接控制系统中的应用。在实验中,对比4种不同焊接方法在X轴、Y轴、Z轴中对目标点的定位误差,结果表明,目标点的定位误差会随投影距离增加而增加,其中激光投影技术在投影距离不超过5 m时的定位误差均小于3 mm,可见该方法的控制精度较好。In order to reduce the positioning error of projection distance and ensure the construction accuracy of rail vehicle in the welding process,the all-position welding control system of rail vehicle is designed based on laser line projection technology.The optical feedback module is desgned and the structural parameters of mechanical light source,camera and lens are determined;The embedded platform is designed,and the data receiving,connection,termination and processing are realized based on the data control unit.By calculating the deviation between horizontal angle and pitch angle,the rail vehicle welding position coordinate system is automatically established,the laser projection error is calculated,and the template parameters of Gaussian distribution are obtained under the rotating coordinate,so as to realize the application of laser line projection technology in the rail vehicle all position welding control system.In the experiment,the positioning errors of four different welding methods on the target point in X-axis,Y-axis and Z-axis are compared.The results show that the positioning error of the target point will increase with the increase of the projection distance.Among them,the positioning error of laser projection technology is less than 3 mm when the projection distance is no more than 5 m,which shows that the control accuracy of this method is better.

关 键 词：激光线投影技术 轨道车辆 焊接控制系统 全位置焊接 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]