湍流效应对高速机械密封端面型槽冷却性能影响分析  

Analysis of turbulence effect on face groove cooling performance of high-speed mechanical seals

作　　者：张伟政[1] 赵吉军 马学忠 张琦璇 庞益祥 张俊涛 ZHANG Weizheng;ZHAO Jijun;MA Xuezhong;ZHANG Qixuan;PANG Yixiang;ZHANG Juntao(College of Petrochemical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《化工学报》2023年第3期1228-1238,共11页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52005236);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(22JR5RA289)。

摘　　要：高速工况下密封间隙内流体黏性生热严重且流动行为复杂,流体流动状态是影响跨尺度间隙流固传热过程和温度分布的关键因素之一,应用ANSYS Fluent软件在湍流与层流计算模型下建立了环形槽与螺旋槽复合式端面构型(ASG)的三维热流体动力润滑(THD)模型,对比了两模型下螺旋槽的冷却性能差异与环形槽的降温作用,以此揭示了流动状态对端面型槽冷却作用的影响机理,分析了型槽几何参数对两模型下温度场及密封性能的影响规律。结果表明:湍流模型下深螺旋槽内存在的大片死流体区阻碍了槽口冷流体进入到槽根部,致使螺旋槽对间隙内高温流体的冷却作用衰减;层流模型下深螺旋槽内充满更多的冷流体,冷却作用较强。内径侧环形槽在两模型下均具有显著的降温作用,且随槽深、槽宽的适当增加其降温作用得到强化;持续增加螺旋槽槽深并不能达到持续降温的目的。液膜温度峰值在湍流模型下的预测值高于层流模型29~40 K。Under high-speed conditions,the viscous heat generation of the fluid in the sealing gap is serious and the flow behavior is complex.The fluid flow state is one of the key factors affecting the fluid-solid heat transfer process and temperature distribution in the cross-scale clearance.A 3D thermo-hydrodynamic lubrication(THD)model of annular groove and spiral groove compound end configuration(ASG)is established by using ANSYS Fluent under turbulence and laminar flow computational models.The cooling performance difference of the spiral groove and the cooling effect of the annular groove under the two models are compared,thus the influence mechanism of the fluid flow state on the cooling effect of the end groove is revealed.The effects of groove geometric parameters on temperature field and sealing performance under the two models are analyzed.The results show that the large dead fluid zone in the deep spiral groove under the turbulence model hinders the cold fluid from entering the root of the groove,resulting in the attenuation of the cooling effect of the spiral groove on the high temperature fluid in the sealing clearance.Under the laminar flow model,the deep spiral groove is filled with more cold fluid,and the cooling effect is stronger.The annular groove has a significant cooling effect under the two models,and the cooling effect is enhanced with the appropriate increase of groove depth and width.The continuous increase of spiral groove depth can’t achieve the purpose of continuous cooling,and the predicted value of the peak temperature of liquid film under the turbulence model is 29—40 K higher than that of the laminar flow model.

关 键 词：机械密封 热流体动力润滑 湍流 层流 环形槽 螺旋槽 计算流体动力学 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]