考虑泥沙颗粒影响的长距离供水工程单向塔水锤防护  

One-way surge tank protection of sediment-laden water hammer on long-distance water supply projects

作　　者：汪怡然 俞晓东[1] 韩笑笑 张健[1] WANG Yiran;YU Xiaodong;HAN Xiaoxiao;ZHANG Jian(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第4期84-91,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52179062;51879087)。

摘　　要：长距离供水工程的安全稳定运行离不开水锤防护,然而传统的水锤计算模型和分析方法忽略了泥沙颗粒影响。该研究基于浆体水锤波速公式和管路当量摩阻公式构建特征线方程进行数值计算,并通过水库-管道-阀门系统(RPV)关阀水锤试验的压力数据进行模型验证;结合单向塔边界数学模型,探究了泥沙颗粒参数对某工程输水管路单向塔水锤防护效果的影响。结果表明:无防护掉电时,含沙工况下泵后的降压波幅值更大,较清水多出1.22m;含沙水管路沿线的最小内水压力均低于清水,差值最大为1.18 m。采用清水单向塔防护方案,除部分颗粒参数条件外(含沙量<10 kg/m^(3),颗粒直径=0.01mm),含沙管路沿线均会出现负压;其内水压力最小值随着颗粒直径和含沙量的增大而减小,最低可达-2.41 m。在给定的颗粒参数范围内,提出满足工程防护需求的含沙水单向塔防护方案,其塔高较清水方案需要提高4 m。相关研究成果可为高含沙流域长距离供水工程的水锤防护设计提供一定的参考。The safety and stability of long-distance water supply projects can be closely related to the reasonable protection of water hammers.However,the traditional transient flow in the method of characteristic cannot consider the influence of natural water sediment particles on the evaluation of water hammer protection.In this study,the pipeline head loss model was constructed,according to the sediment-laden water pipeline resistance model of Chen Guangwen and the single particle settlement formula of Zhang Ruijin.The method of characteristic was improved to simulate the sediment-laden water hammer pressure,according to the wave velocity formula of the water hammer on the slurry by Han Wenliang and the equivalent friction formula of sediment-laden water pipeline flow.The improved model was validated by the pressure data of reservoir-pipe-valve(RPV)water hammer closing valve test with water.The pressure of the sediment-laden water hammer with the low-concentration particle parameter was close to the experimental value of water.Combined with the boundary conditions of a one-way surge tank,one specific pipeline system of the water supply project was selected to determine the effect of sediment with different concentrations and particle diameters on water hammer protection under different initial pump heads.The results show that when the pump head of sediment-laden water was adjusted until the water level of downstream reservoir is consistent,the internal water pressure along the pipeline was higher,because of the higher initial pump head with sediment-laden water.After the power failure and pump stopped,the pressure dropping behind the pump of sediment-laden water was larger than that of water,and the minimum internal water pressure of sediment-laden water along the pipeline was lower than that of water.The lowest pressure at the node behind the pump was-15.76 m,whereas there was-37.82 m along the pipeline.The internal water pressure along the pipeline was greater than 0m under the original one-way surge tank protection.I

关 键 词：泥沙 输水管路 数值计算 瞬变流 特征线法 水锤防护 单向塔 

分 类 号：TV674[水利工程—水利水电工程]