人工湿地-电活性菌藻膜技术处理养猪废水中试试验  

Pilot-scale study on the treatment of swine wastewater by constructed wetland consisted with exoelectrogens-microalgae biofilm

作　　者：倪智力 匡彬 林梓杨 周丽琳 汪涛 郏建波 NI Zhili;KUANG Bin;LIN Ziyang;ZHOU Lilin;WANG Tao;JIA Jianbo(School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences,Wuyi University,Jiangmen 529020,China;Department of Economic Management,Jiangmen Polytechnic,Jiangmen 529020,China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学生物科技与大健康学院,江门529020 [2]江门职业技术学院经济管理系,江门529020

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第4期180-187,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52200067,21974097);广东省教育厅项目(2020KSYS004,2022ZDJS027);江门市基础理论科研项目(江科[2021]87号,江科[2022]110号)。

摘　　要：人工湿地由于具有运行成本低、维护简单等优点而被广泛应用于养殖废水处理。然而,人工湿地技术普遍存在污染物去除效率受温度影响大等问题。在该研究中,通过构建电活性菌藻生物膜来强化人工湿地系统,对养猪废水进行了自然温度下的处理效能与微生物群落研究,在室外开展了18个月试验,结果表明:电活性菌藻生物膜强化组在夏季化学需氧量、氨氮、硝态氮、总氮、总磷、亚硝态氮的去除率分别达到98.26%、97.96%、85.45%、95.07%、94.64%和85.45%。在冬季化学需氧量、氨氮、硝态氮、总氮、总磷、亚硝态氮的去除率分别达到96.10%、91.56%、75.29%、89.94%、92.12%和83.15%。具有良好低温适应性。强化组冬季化学需氧量、氨氮、硝态氮、总氮、总磷、亚硝态氮的出水浓度均满足《禽畜养殖业污染物排放标准》(GB18596—2001)。相比未构建电活性菌藻生物膜的对照组,以上污染物去除率均分别提高。电活性菌藻膜在冬夏季节的优势微生物均为Cyanobium、Shewanella、Azoarcus,群落结构稳定性高,有利于促进冬季污染物去除率,为提高系统污水处理可靠性提供了保障。Constructed wetland(CW)is widely used in the treatment of swine wastewater because of its advantages of low operation cost and simple maintenance.However,the CW technology generally has some shortcomings such as pollutant removal efficiency affected by temperature.In addition to this,there are few studies on the stability of CW enhanced by exoelectrogens-microalgae biofilm(EMB)at low temperature,so the technical reliability of long-term outdoor operation needs to be evaluated.In this study,the CW system was strengthened by the construction of EMB,and the treatment efficiency and microbial community of swine wastewater under natural temperature were studied.And,the pollutant removal efficiency of CW technology is generally affected by temperature.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the effect of temperature on EMB.Exoelectrogens-microalgae biofilm is a kind of biofilm composed of extracellular respiratory bacteria and microalgae,which has the advantages of high efficiency,energy saving and low cost in wastewater treatment process.Extracellular respiratory bacteria can achieve direct interspecific electron transfer process through direct contact or conductive substance mediation,so that they are not inhibited by hydrogen partial pressure and the concentration of metabolites,which greatly improves the electron transport efficiency and metabolic rate.Extracellular respiratory bacteria mainly include electroactive bacteria such as Shewanella.The extracellular respiratory bacteria produce carbon dioxide by metabolizing organic matter,which can be used as a carbon source for microalgae,and the oxygen produced by microalgae can be used as an electron acceptor for extracellular respiratory bacteria,thus realizing the material and energy mutual camping between them.Therefore,the construction of EMB is a feasible way to improve the efficiency of CW wastewater treatment.There are high concentrations of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in swine wastewater.In this study,a CW system was strengthened by constructing an EMB.The tr

关 键 词：厌氧 人工湿地 禽畜养殖 生物膜 冬季 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]