气候变化背景下河南烟区气象资源及气象风险因素时空分布特征  

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of meteorological resources and meteorological risk factors in Henan tobacco-growing areas under the background of climate change

作　　者：藏照阳 王建伟[1] 陈祥 梁太波[1] 过伟民[1] 常乃杰 张艳玲[1] 段卫东 ZANG Zhaoyang;WANG Jianwei;CHEN Xiang;LIANG Taibo;GUO Weimin;CHANG Naijie;ZHANG Yanling;DUAN Weidong(Key Laboratory of Eco-environment and Tobacco Leaf Quality,Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China;China National Leaf Tobacco Corporation,Beijing 100055,China;China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co.,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,烟草行业生态环境与烟叶质量重点实验室,郑州450001 [2]中国烟叶公司,北京市100055 [3]河南中烟工业有限责任公司,郑州450000

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2023年第2期32-45,共14页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：中国烟草总公司河南省公司项目“基于吸食感官特性的烟叶质量影响因子分析”(No.2021410000240022);“豫浓香”烟叶定制化生产模式构建与应用(No.D2019054)。

摘　　要：【背景和目的】为明确气候变暖背景下,河南烟区气候条件及气象风险因素时空变化特征,及两者之间的相关性。【方法】利用河南省20个县(市、区)2000—2019年气象资料,借助一元线性趋势、Mann-Kendall检验等方法,分析了河南烟区气象资源及气象风险因素时空分布特征。【结果】(1)近20年河南烟区烤烟成熟期气候资源发生明显变化,具体表现为:平均气温整体呈升高趋势,以襄城县和内乡县为中心的区域降雨量显著减少,以临颍县和泌阳县为中心的区域光合有效辐射呈增加趋势,以洛宁县、汝州市和方城县为中心的区域平均相对湿度显著减少,以舞阳县和邓州市为中心的区域昼夜温差显著增加。(2)以郏县和灵宝市为中心的区域,在旺长期-成熟前期高温风险相对较高,豫南地区在成熟后期面临一定的高温风险。近年来部分县区烤烟成熟期高温天数显著增加,高温风险的增加不仅与平均气温的升高密切相关,同时与成熟前期降雨量和干旱强度呈显著负相关。(3)以叶县为中心的区域暴雨风险相对较高,近年来暴雨发生频率有降低趋势,主要与成熟前期雨量的减少密切相关。(4)以禹州市和汝州市为中心的区域伸根期干旱风险相对较高,近年来有减轻趋势;各县区旺长期-成熟前期均面临较高的干旱风险,部分县区有增强趋势。【结论】近20年来河南烟区烤烟成熟期气候条件发生较大变化,部分地区高温和干旱风险有进一步增强趋势,暴雨发生频率有所降低。[Background] This study aims to clarify the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of climatic conditions and meteorological risk factors in the Tobacco growing area of Henan under the background of climate warming as well as the correlation between them.[Methods] Based on the meteorological data of 20 counties(cities,districts) in Henan Province from 2000 to 2019,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of meteorological resources and meteorological risk factors in Henan tobacco-growing areas were analyzed by univariate linear regression method,Mann-Kendall test and other methods.[Results](1) Over the past 20 years,the climate resources of flue-cured tobacco during the mature period in Henan tobacco growing area have changed significantly.To be specific,the average temperature shows an upward trend as a whole,the regional rainfall centered on Xiangcheng County and Neixiang County decreases significantly,the regional photosynthetic effective radiation centered on Linying County and Biyang County increases,and the regional average relative humidity centered on Luoning County,Ruzhou City and Fangcheng County decreases significantly.The temperature difference between day and night increases significantly in the regions centered on Wuyang county and Dengzhou city.(2) The areas centered on Jiaxian and Lingbao City have relatively higher risk of high temperature in the prosperous period and the early mature period,and the southern Henan region faces a high temperature risk in the later period of maturity.In recent years,the number of high temperature days during the ripening period of flue-cured tobacco in some counties has increased significantly.(3) The risk of heavy rain in central and southern Henan is relatively high,but the frequency of heavy rain has decreased in recent years,which is mainly related to the decrease in field rainfall early mature period.(4) The drought risk in the regions centered on Yuzhou and Ruyang is relatively high during the root extension period,but such drought risk h

关 键 词：气候变化 河南 烤烟 气象资源 气象风险因素 时空分布 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S162.3[农业科学—作物学]