宅基地“三权分置”制度的多主体博弈困境与化解  

The dilemma and solution of multi-agent game of the system of“three-right separation”of homestead

作　　者：尹丽 黄敏[1] YIN Li;HUANG Min(College of economics and management,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610100,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学经济与管理学院,四川成都610100

出　　处：《内江师范学院学报》2023年第4期75-82,共8页Journal of Neijiang Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目(21AGL021);四川省社科规划重大项目(SC21ZD001);四川省农村发展研究中心项目(CR2109)。

摘　　要：落实宅基地“三权分置”制度实质是多方利益主体进行博弈达到均衡的过程.通过系统梳理中央政府、地方政府、农村集体经济组织和农户四大主体的差异性制度诉求,运用博弈论的方法,探究各主体在落实基地“三权分置”过程中的复杂博弈过程,厘清多主体间的博弈困境及背后的深层次原因.研究结果显示:中央政府和地方政府具有委托—代理关系,双方博弈的焦点在于宅基地退出后指标的用途;地方政府与农户实际是一个先后博弈过程,农户在博弈中处于弱势地位,且具有在地方政府主导下通过策略选择实现利益最大化的行为;农村集体经济组织异化为地方政府代理人,其存在与农户间的利益博弈行为和谋利倾向.研究结论:建立弹性制度、改善干群关系、强化信息对称机制、加强监管机制能有效化解宅基地“三权分置”落实中多主体博弈困境;农村宅基地“三权分置”的有效实施除了加强宅基地制度本身建设,还需要推进乡村治理升级和持续优化农民权益保护.The essence of implementing the“three-rights separation”system of homestead is the process of multi-stakeholder game achieving equilibrium.By systematically delving into the differential institutional demands of the central government,local governments,rural collective economic organizations and farmers,and using the method of game theory,this paper tries to examine the complex game process of each subject in the process of implementing the“three-right separation”in the base,and to clarify the game dilemma among multiple subjects and the deep-seated reasons behind it.The results show that the central government and local governments is of an entruster-and-entrustee relationship,and the focus of the game between the two sides is the use of the quota availble after the withdrawal of homestead;The game between local government and farmers is actually a sequential game process.Farmers are in a disadvantaged position in the game and have the behavior of maximizing benefits through strategic choice under the leadership of local government;Rural collective economic organizations are alienated into local government agents,which have interest game behavior and profit-making tendency against farmers.Research conclusion:the establishment of a flexible system,the improving of the relationship between cadres and the masses,the strengthening of the information symmetry mechanism and stepping-up of the supervision mechanism can effectively resolve the dilemma of multi-agent game in the implementation of the“three-right separation”of homestead;In addition to strengthening the construction of the homestead system itself,the effective implementation of the“three-right separation”of rural homestead lies in the promotion of the upgrading of rural governance and continuous optimization of the protection of farmers'rights and interests.

关 键 词：农村宅基地 三权分置 利益主体 博弈困境 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]