植物精油对储藏物害虫防治作用的研究进展  

Progress in Research on Effects of Plant Essential Oils for Storage Pest Control

作　　者：张莉睿 毕洁 Zhang Lirui;Bi Jie(School of Food Science and Engineering,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学食品科学与工程学院,武汉430023

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2023年第3期20-27,共8页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32102198);湖北省自然科学基金青年项目(2021CFB195);武汉轻工大学大宗粮油精深加工教育部重点实验室开放课题项目(2019GYBQGDKFB07,2020JYBQGDKFA01);武汉轻工大学校立科研杰青项目(202201)。

摘　　要：植物精油属于芳香型植物次生代谢产物,从植物的种子、果实、根和叶片中提取,通过压榨或蒸馏等方式获得。植物精油成分复杂,一般包括醇醛类、酸类、酚类、丙酮类、萜烯类等。其用途及应用范围广泛,涉及日化、食品、医疗等行业,近年来应用于农业害虫防治领域的报道逐年增多。植物源杀虫剂相比于化学防虫优势明显,可克服化学杀虫剂造成的环境污染和害虫产生抗药性等诸多弊端。本文综述了植物精油在农业、食品、医疗、日化等行业中的应用现状,总结了部分精油提取技术的优缺点,重点关注植物精油及其制剂在仓储害虫防治领域的应用,通过精油对害虫的驱避、熏蒸、触杀、产卵抑制、种群抑制等方面的研究,以期为开发新型的绿色防虫剂提供参考和理论依据。Plant essential oils are aromatic plant secondary metabolites,extracted from the seeds,fruits,roots and leaves of plants,obtained by pressing or distillation.Plant essential oils are complex in composition and generally include alcohols,aldehydes,acids,phenols,acetones and terpenes.Its usages and applications are wide-ranging,involving the daily chemical,food and medical industries,with reports of its application in agricultural pest control increasing year by year in recent years.Plant-derived insecticides have obvious advantages over chemical pest control,and can overcome many of the disadvantages caused by chemical insecticides,such as environmental pollution and the development of pest resistance.In this paper,the current situation of the application of plant essential oils in the agricultural,food,medical and daily chemical industries was reviewed,the advantages and disadvantages of some essential oil extraction techniques were summarized,the application of plant essential oils and their preparations in the field of storage pest control were focused on,and references and theoretical basis were provided for the development of new green pest control agents through the study of repellent,fumigation,touch kill,egg laying inhibition and population suppression of pests by essential oils.

关 键 词：植物精油 害虫防治 提取方法 应用 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]