2001—2018年非洲尼日尔河流域PM_(2.5)质量浓度的时空变化特征  

Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of PM_(2.5) concentration in Niger River Basin of Africa from 2001 to 2018

作　　者：周丽霞 吴涛[1,2] 解雪峰[1,2] 蒋国俊[1,2] 张建珍[1,2] ZHOU Lixia;WU Tao;XIE Xuefeng;JIANG Guojun;ZHANG Jianzhen(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;African Research and China-Africa Cooperation of Provincial and Ministerial Collaborative Innovation Center,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]浙江师范大学省部共建非洲研究与中非合作协同创新中心,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期201-209,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42101068);中非典型生态脆弱区联合研究与行动计划项目(2022ZZGJB041428);浙江省软科学重点项目(2022C25004);浙江师范大学“教育部非洲研究与中非合作省部共建协同创新中心”委托课题(21XTFZ02A)。

摘　　要：探究PM_(2.5)质量浓度的时空演变过程,对于明确PM_(2.5)治理方向和推进非洲可持续发展目标至关重要.利用全球遥感反演PM_(2.5)数据集,结合GIS空间分析、空间自相关、Mann-Kendall检验和重标极差分析等方法揭示2001—2018年尼日尔河流域PM_(2.5)质量浓度的时空变化特征及趋势.结果表明:(1)2001—2018年,尼日尔河流域PM_(2.5)质量浓度在时间变化上呈现波动且微弱增长趋势,年增长速率为0.06μg/m^(3);(2)尼日尔河流域PM_(2.5)质量浓度在空间上整体呈现东南向西北递减的空间格局,其浓度高值区与低值区表现出强烈的空间集聚性特征,高值区集中在中下游地区的尼日尔东部地区、尼日利亚北部山地及南部三角洲地区,低值区集中在尼日尔河的上游地带、流域北端阿尔及利亚区域和下游支流贝努埃河流域;(3)尼日尔河流域PM_(2.5)质量浓度变化的时空趋势上以不显著增加趋势为普遍特征,且在时间序列上具备长程相关性.研究结果将有助于尼日尔河流域相关国家政府制定更加行之有效的防控措施和方案.Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution process of PM_(2.5) mass concentration was crucial to clarify the direction of PM_(2.5) governance and promoting the sustainable development goals in Africa.By using the global remote sensing inversion PM_(2.5) data set,combined with GIS spatial analysis,spatial autocorrelation,Mann-Kendall test and rescaled range analysis,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics,and trends of PM_(2.5) concentration in Niger River Basin from 2001 to 2018 were studied and explored.The results showed that the PM_(2.5) concentration in Niger River Basin showed a fluctuating and weak growth trend from 2001 to 2018,with an annual growth rate of 0.06μg/m^(3).The PM_(2.5) concentration in the Niger River Basin presented a spatial pattern of decreasing from southeast to northwest.The high value area and the low value area of the concentration showed strong spatial clustering characteristics.The high value area was concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of Niger,the eastern region of Niger,the northern mountainous region of Nigeria and the southern Delta region.The low value area was concentrated in the upper reaches of the Niger River,the Algeria region at the northern end of the basin and the Benue River Basin,a tributary of the downstream.The temporal and spatial trend of PM_(2.5) concentration change in Niger River Basin was generally characterized by a non-significant increase trend and had long-range correlation in time series.This research results will help the governments of relevant countries in the Niger River Basin to formulate more effective prevention and control measures and plans.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5)质量浓度 空间自相关分析 MANN-KENDALL检验 重标极差分析 尼日尔河流域 

分 类 号：F311[经济管理—产业经济]