我国水生态环境治理的困境与对策  

The Dilemma and Measures of Water Ecology and Environment Management in China

作　　者：包晓斌[1] BAO Xiaobin(Rural Development Institute Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2023年第4期23-29,共7页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程项目“农业农村绿色发展理论与政策研究”(2018NFSA01)。

摘　　要：随着城镇化和工业化的快速发展,我国生态用水短缺、水环境污染严重等问题未得到根本解决,水生态环境面临严峻挑战。文章分析了我国生态用水状况、水环境状况,指出我国水生态环境治理面临治理主体不协调、区域治理能力弱化、治理制度功效有限、流域水生态环境预警系统基础薄弱、水生态环境治理监管力度不足等困境;从构建水生态环境协同治理机制、改进水生态环境治理制度、引导多元主体参与水生态环境治理、实行流域生态补偿、推动水生态环境功能区建设、强化水生态环境治理监管等方面提出推进水生态环境治理的对策。With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization,there are no ultimate solutions to the problems of shortage of ecological water use and water environment severe pollution in China,and the water ecological environment is facing severe challenges.This article analyzes the situation of ecological water use and water environment in China,and shows that China's water ecology and environment governance faces the dilemma that the governance subjects are not coordinated,the regional governance capacity is weak,the effectiveness of the governance system is limited,the foundation of the early warning system of water ecology and environment in the basin is weak,and the supervision of water ecology and environment governance is insufficient.The article puts forward measures to promote water ecology and environment governance that build a collaborative governance mechanism for water ecology and environment,improve the water ecology and environment governance system,guide multiple subjects to participate in water ecology and environment governance,implement ecological compensation for watersheds,promote the construction of water ecology and environment functional areas,and strengthen the supervision of water ecology and environment governance.

关 键 词：水生态环境治理 生态用水量 水环境污染 生态补偿 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] F062.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X321