赣江主要河流丰水期-枯水期氮磷营养盐分布特征  

Distribution Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrients in Main Rivers of Ganjiang River During Wet and Dry Seasons

作　　者：刘小真[1,2] 杨子依 曹炳伟 李江东 彭霖 LIU Xiaozhen;YANG Ziyi;CAO Bingwei;LI Jiangdong;PENG Lin(Key Laboratory of Environment and Resource Utilization of Poyang Lake,Ministry of Education,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;School of Resources&Environment,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Jiangxi Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center Station,Nanchang 330046,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330031 [2]南昌大学资源与环境学院,江西南昌330031 [3]江西省环境监测中心站,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2023年第2期21-32,共12页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金项目资助(20192BAB203023)。

摘　　要：对2006—2019年赣江水体及水库丰水期-枯水期的总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH_(3)-N)、硝态氮(NO^(-)_(3)-N)和总磷(TP)浓度变化和分布特征进行分析。将赣江按河谷地形和河道特征划分为上游、中游、下游3段;根据水流来源将赣江划分为章水、桃江、湘水、贡水、泸江、赣江干流。结果显示:桃江TN质量浓度在2011年枯水期取得最大值8.26 mg/L;章水TP质量浓度在2007年枯水期取得最大值0.18 mg/L,整个赣江丰水期-枯水期的TP质量浓度在0.02~0.18 mg/L范围内浮动,变化幅度较小;章水NH_(3)-N浓度在2008年枯水期取得最大值1.86 mg/L,而在2017—2019年NH_(3)-N的浓度基本处于0.5 mg/L以内,达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)Ⅲ类水质标准。万安水库和峡江水库对总氮的滞留率,丰水期分别为24.26%、17.44%,枯水期分别为21.36%、16.60%;对总磷的滞留率,丰水期分别为24.78%、19.05%,枯水期分别为33.79%、22.92%。万安水库对氮磷营养盐的滞留效率高于峡江水库。整个赣江河水营养盐浓度具有明显的季节性变化,变化幅度为枯水期>丰水期。丰水期氮磷营养盐浓度基本为下游>上游>中游,枯水期氮磷营养盐浓度基本为下游>中游>上游。赣江沿岸城市如南昌、丰城、吉安、赣州以及上游贡水、章水、桃江等流域氮磷营养盐浓度明显高于其他点位,且丰水期尤为明显。To analyze the changes and distribution characteristics of total nitrogen(TN),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO^(-)_3-N) and total phosphorus(TP) in the Ganjiang river during wet and dry seasons from 2006 to 2019.The Ganjiang River is divided into upper,middle and lower reaches according to the characteristics of river valley topography and channel.According to the source of water flow,Ganjiang River is divided into Zhangshui River,Taojiang River,Xiangshui River,Gongshui River,Lujiang River and the main stream of Ganjiang River.The results showed that TN concentration in Taojiang reached a maximum of 8.26 mg/L during the dry season in 2011.TP concentration in Zhangshui reached the maximum of 0.18 mg/L during dry season in 2007,TP concentration fluctuated in the range of 0.02-0.18 mg/L in the whole Ganjiang River during the wet and dry periods,with a small variation range.The concentration of NH_(3)-N in Zhangshui reached the maximum of 1.86 mg/L in dry season in 2008,but in 2017-2019,the concentration of NH_(3)-N is basically within 0.5 mg/L,reaching Class Ⅲ water quality standard of the surface water environmental quality standard(GB 3838-2002).The retention rates of total nitrogen in Wan'an Reservoir and Xiajiang Reservoir are 24.26% and 17.44% respectively in wet periods.21.36% and 16.60% respectively in dry periods.The retention rates of total phosphorus in wet periods are 24.78% and 19.05% respectively.The dry season is 33.79% and 22.92% respectively.The retention efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in Wanan Reservoir is higher than that of Xiajiang Reservoir.The concentration of nutrients in the Ganjiang River has obvious seasonal changes,and the range of changes is dry season wet season.The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the wet season is basicly downstreamupstreammidstream,and the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the dry season is basicly downstreammidstreamupstream.The concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in cities along Ganjiang River,such as Nanch

关 键 词：赣江 丰水期 枯水期 氮磷营养盐 分布特征 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]