2000—2021年影响山东的北上台风分类及降水落区分析  

Classification of Northward Typhoons Affecting Shandong Province and Precipitation Area During 2000-2021

作　　者：王媛 郑丽娜 WANG Yuan;ZHENG Lina(Dongying Meteorological Bureau,Dongying 257091,China;Jinan Meteorological Bureau,Jinan 250102,China)

机构地区：[1]东营市气象局,山东东营257091 [2]济南市气象局,山东济南250102

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2023年第2期162-169,共8页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：山东省重点课题(2019sdqxz09);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2021MD012)。

摘　　要：将2000—2021年影响山东的15个台风,按大尺度环流形势进行分类,以台风登陆之后500 hPa中纬度是否存在槽进行分类,可以分为3类:(1)中纬度有槽且形成闭合中心,台风与槽结合,在山东产生暴雨以上量级的降水;(2)中纬度只有高空槽,降水范围最大;(3)中纬度无明显槽脊,降水量和降水范围最小。以西太平洋副热带高压(简称“副高”)的位置分类,可分为3类:(1)副高西伸脊点过120°E且北部边缘过40°N,台风沿副高外围移动,降水最少;(2)副高西伸脊点不过120°E且北部边缘过40°N,高空槽与副高在中国沿海交汇,降水范围广,山东降水与台风位置有关。位置偏西,降水范围大;位置偏东,降水主要集中在山东半岛地区;(3)副高西伸脊点不过120°E且北部边缘不过40°N,台风环流中心较强,降水最强。以700 hPa环流形势分类,分为3类:(1)700 hPa有高压坝,降水范围最小;(2)700 hPa无高压坝,东北地区有冷涡,山东降水量和降水范围最大;(3)700 hPa无高压坝,中纬度存在大槽,降水量均可达大暴雨量级。15 typhoons affecting Shandong province from 2000 to 2021 are classified according to the large-scale circulation situation.The results indicate that,according to the troughs in the middle latitude of 500 hPa after the typhoon landfall,the typhoons can be divided into three categories:(1)There isa trough in the middle latitude,and a closed center is formed.The typhoon combines with the trough to produce torrential rain in Shandong province.(2)There is only an upper-level trough,and the precipitation area is the widest.(3)There is no apparent trough,and the precipitation and precipitation area are the smallest.According to the location of the subtropical high,they can also be divided into three categories:(1)The west ridge point of the subtropical high exceeds 120°E and the northern edge exceeds 40°N.Shandong province has the least precipitation.(2)The west ridge point of the subtropical high is no more than 120°E and the northern edge exceeds 40°N.The trough and the subtropical high converge on the coast of China.The precipitation relates to the position of typhoons.(3)The west ridge point of the subtropical high is no more than 120°E and the northern edge is no more than 40°N.The center of the typhoon is stronger,and the precipitation is the strongest.Classification by 700 hPa circulation:(1)There is a high-pressure barrier at 700 hPa,and the precipitation area is the minimum.(2)There is no high-pressure barrier at 700 hPa,but northeast China has a cold vortex.The precipitation area is the widest.(3)There is no high-pressure barrier at 700 hPa,and there is a significant trough in the middle latitude.The precipitation can reach the magnitude of a rainstorm.

关 键 词：台风 降水落区 副热带高压 西风槽 高压坝 

分 类 号：P457.8[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]