“三生”空间视角下西北地区生态环境质量分异机制的地理探测  

Geographical exploration of the spatial differentiation mechanism of ecoenvironmental quality in northwest China from the perspective of“production-living-ecological”space

作　　者：董建红 张志斌[2] 刘奔腾[1] 张新红[1] DONG Jianhong;ZHANG Zhibin;LIU Benteng;ZHANG Xinhong(College of Design and Art,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu,China;College of Geography and Environment Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学设计艺术学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2023年第4期515-526,共12页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42261034,41961029);甘肃省住房和城乡建设厅科研项目(JK2022-16)资助。

摘　　要：基于土地“三生”功能视角,采用生态环境质量指数测度2000—2020年西北地区土地利用转型的生态环境效应,并且综合运用热点分析工具、地理探测器等方法探讨生态环境质量的演变特征与分异机制。结果表明:(1)西北地区“三生”空间地域分异显著;“三生”空间结构演化呈生产、生活空间增加,生态空间缩减的变化趋势。(2)生态环境质量指数从2000年的0.22720升至2010年的0.22724后降至2020年的0.22699,生态环境质量整体保持相对稳定。(3)生态环境质量空间上呈“东南较高、西北次之,中部较低”的格局特征,生态环境质量格局演化的冷、热点区主要聚集于东南和西北部,与区域内人口、产业的空间分布具有趋同性。(4)生态用地结构、归一化植被指数和人类活动是生态环境质量空间分异的主导因素,自然因子内部以及自然因子与社会经济因子的交互协同作用共同影响了区域生态环境质量的空间分异效果。This study attempts to measure the eco-environmental effects of land use transformation in northwest China from 2000 to 2020 based on the perspective of land“production-living-ecological”function.For this,the study employs the eco-environmental quality index and ecological contribution rate model,and comprehensively uses hot-spots analysis tool,Geo-detectors tool,and other methods to discuss the evolution characteristics and differentiation mechanism of eco-environmental quality.The findings of this study show:(1)The“production-livingecological”space in northwest China shows significant spatial differentiation,indicating an increasing trend of production and living space and a decreasing trend of ecological space.(2)The eco-environmental quality index increased from 0.22720 in 2000 to 0.22724 in 2010 and then decreased to 0.22699 in 2020,although the overall eco-environmental quality remained relatively stable.The change in eco-environmental quality exhibited both improvement and deterioration.The improvement of eco-environmental quality mainly depends on the protection of regional ecological space,while the deterioration of eco-environmental quality is that agricultural production land occupies ecological land in pastoral areas.(3)The eco-environmental quality is spatially characterized by“high in the southeast,second in the northwest,low in the middle”.The cold-spots and hot-spots in the evolution of the eco-environmental quality pattern are mainly concentrated in the southeast and northwest regions and have the same spatial distribution as the population and industry in the area.(4)The proportions of ecological land use,normalized vegetation index,and human active index were the leading factor of spatial differentiation of eco-environmental quality;the interactions between the influencing factors mainly include nonlinear enhancement and bifactor enhancement.The internal interaction of natural factors and the interaction between natural factors and socio-economic factors affected the spatial differe

关 键 词：土地利用转型 生态环境质量 空间分异 西北地区 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]