全球变暖对高寒冻土区温室气体通量影响研究进展  

A Review on the Impact of Global Warming to Greenhouse Gas Flux in Frozen Ground Region

作　　者：陈哲 金艳霞 孙建 邵新庆[4] 王英典 赵新全[2] 王文颖[1,5] 谢惠春 张振华[2] 张莉[1] 杜岩功[2] 周华坤[2] CHEN Zhe;JIN Yan-xia;SUN Jian;SHAO Xin-qing;WANG Ying-dian;ZHAO Xin-quan;WANG Wen-ying;XIE Hui-chun;ZHANG Zhen-hua;ZHANG Li;DU Yan-gong;ZHOU Hua-kun(Qinghai Normal University/Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology for Cold Regions,Xining,Qinghai Province 810008,China;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学/高原科学与可持续发展研究院,青海西宁810016 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810008 [3]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100085 [4]中国农业大学,北京100083 [5]青海省青藏高原生物多样性形成机制与综合利用重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第4期929-942,共14页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金(2018-ZJ-935Q),青藏高原第二次综合科学考察(2019QZKK0302-02);国家自然基金(32260288);海南州科技支撑计划项目(2022-KZ01-A)资助。

摘　　要：泛北极地区和青藏高原是陆地生态系统重要的有机碳、氮库。在气候变暖驱动下,高纬度或高海拔冻土融化加速,冻土活动层冻融格局改变,土壤有机质分解增加,成为全球重要的温室气体排放源,其对气候变化的“正反馈”效应受到越来越多关注。本文重点综述了近年泛北极和青藏高原冻土区土壤CO_(2),CH_(4)和N_(2)O三种主要温室气体通量对冻土退化及冻融作用的响应特征和影响机制,探讨了高寒地区生态系统净温室效应与气候变暖的相互关系,并简要提出了目前冻土区土壤碳排放和氮转化关键过程研究中需要加强的方面,旨在为继续深入开展气候变化背景下冻土碳氮循环研究提供参考。The Holarctic and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are important organic carbon and nitrogen pool in terrestrial ecosystems.Global warming is changing the pattern of soil freeze-thaw in frozen ground in high latitude and/or high altitude regions.Such as accelerating permafrost degradation,promoting the organic matter decomposition in active layer of frozen soil,and causing a large amount of greenhouse gas emission.These positive feedbacks of climate change have been a main focus of global change ecology and biogeochemical cycle research.In this paper,we reviewed the characteristics and induced mechanisms of soil CO_(2),CH_(4) and N_(2)O fluxes under freeze-thaw ground in the Holarctic and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.We also discussed the relationship between the effects of net greenhouse emissions and global warming in the cold ecosystems.Furthermore,some key processes about the soil carbon emission and nitrogen conversion in frozen region to be focused on in the ongoing research were proposed with an intention to provide some references for the researches on the carbon and nitrogen cycle in frozen ground under the background of climate warming.

关 键 词：气候变暖 泛北极 青藏高原 冻融作用 净温室效应 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]