青藏高原六种披碱草属牧草落粒性差异及农艺性状分析  

Differences of Seed Shattering and Agronomic Traits in Six Elymus Species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：任春燕 刘文辉[1] 梁国玲[1] 张永超[1] 李文[1] 于辉 胡伟 王凤宇 REN Chun-yan;LIU Wen-hui;LIANG Guo-ling;ZHANG Yong-chao;LI Wen;YU Hui;HU Wei;WANG Feng-yu(Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Qinghai University(Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine),Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室,青海大学(青海省畜牧兽医科学院),青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第4期1008-1015,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家林草局应急科技揭榜挂帅项目“草种优良品种选育”;国家自然科学联合基金项目“披碱草属重要牧草适应高寒环境的分子生态学机制”(U20A2050);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-34);“昆仑英才乡村振兴人才”专项农业农村科技攻关团队资助。

摘　　要：为探究青藏高原地区披碱草属(Elymus)不同物种间落粒性的差异,明确影响披碱草属落粒的主要农艺性状,筛选低落粒性披碱草属资源,为披碱草属抗落粒性牧草育种提供育种材料和理论依据。本研究以采自于青海不同地区的披碱草属6种共18份资源为研究对象,对供试材料的落粒性和农艺性状进行了相关性分析、通径分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:6种披碱草属牧草自然落粒率存在显著差异,垂穗披碱草(E.nutans)自然落粒率最高,达到49.54%;披碱草属牧草自然落粒率与小穗长、外稃长、芒长均呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)正相关关系,与单序籽粒数、小穗数、穗轴节数、株高均呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)负相关;单序籽粒数、小穗数、株高、穗轴节数是培育低落粒性披碱草属牧草的目标性状,芒长、小穗长和外稃长是影响披碱草属牧草落粒的关键农艺性状。In order to screen germplasm resources with low seed shattering rate for Elymus breeding,seed shattering and other important agronomic traits were investigated and compared in Elymus species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.In this study,a total of 18 lines from 6 Elymus species were collected from different regions of Qinghai,and the analysis of correlation,path,principal component and clustering was performed based on data of seed shattering and other agronomic traits.The results were shown as followed.Significant differences were found for natural seed shattering rate among the 6 species,with the highest rate of 49.54%in E.nutans.The natural seed shattering rate of Elymus was positively correlated with spikelet length(SPL),lemma length(LL)and awn length(AL)(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and negatively correlated with seed number per inflorescence(SNi),number of inflorescence(Ns),fringe number(FN)and plant height(PH)(P<0.05 or P<0.01).SNi,Ns,PH and FN were the target traits for selecting low-shattering Elymus plants,and AL,SPL and LL were the key agronomic traits which influenced seed shattering in our Elymus germplasm resources.

关 键 词：青藏高原 披碱草属 落粒性 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]