大麦叶斑病菌侵染过程及几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性变化的研究  被引量:5

Study on infection process of Bipolaris sorokiniana on barley leaf and the resulting changes of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase activities

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作  者:杨庆丽 张毅 祁天涛 曲洁琼 汪军成[1,2] 姚立蓉 司二静[1,2] 马小乐[1,2] 李葆春[1,3] 王化俊[1,2] 孟亚雄[1,2] YANG Qingli;ZHANG Yi;QI Tiantao;QU Jieqiong;WANG Juncheng;YAO Lirong;SI Erjing;MA Xiaole;LI Baochun;WANG Huajun;MENG Yaxiong(State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science(Gansu Agricultural University),Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Crop Improvement&Germplasm Enhancement,Lanzhou 730070,China;Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Life Sciences and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区:[1]省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出  处:《甘肃农业大学学报》2023年第1期122-129,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基  金:国家自然科学基金项目(31960426);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-05-04B-2);甘肃省重大专项项目(17ZD2NA016);甘肃省现代农业产业技术体系特色作物岗位专家项目(GARS-TSZ-2);甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-12)。

摘  要:【目的】探究叶斑病菌Bipolaris sorokiniana对大麦叶片的侵染过程。【方法】以大麦感病品种蒙啤1号(MP1)和抗病品种蒙啤3号(MP3)为材料,接菌后,并在不同时间采集MP1发病叶片制做切片,结合石蜡切片和扫描电镜观察叶斑病病原菌对大麦叶片的侵染过程。【结果】接菌后,MP1和MP3中的CHT和β-1,3-GA的活性均高于对照,且MP3中的几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性要高于MP1。孢子在接种12~24 h后开始萌发,顶端长出长短不一的芽管;接种36 h后,菌丝伸长且向细胞间隙处直接侵入大麦叶片表皮细胞内,组织内部的孢子主要分布在维管束中;接种4~5 d后,菌丝快速产生分枝,呈网状扩散,叶片表面形成密集的菌丝网,叶片外部出现明显病斑;接种7~14 d后,叶片表皮的孢子明显减少,在维管束组织中存在孢子。【结论】病原菌从细胞间隙侵入可能是该病侵入的主要途径,孢子萌发后形成菌丝进入组织,再向其他部位蔓延,病原菌侵入后期寄主表面菌丝形成网状结构。【Objective】The study aimed at exploring the infection process of Bipolaris sorokiniana on barley leaves.【Method】The susceptible barley variety Mengpi1(MP1)and disease-resistant variety Mengpi3(MP3)were employed as materials.After inoculation,the diseased leaves of MP1 at different times were collected to make slices,followed by observing the infection process of leaf spot pathogen on barley leaves by paraffin section and scanning electron microscope.【Result】The activities of CHT andβ-1,3-GA in both MP1 and MP3 inoculated with B.sorokiniana were higher than those in the control,and the activities of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in MP3 were higher than those in MP1.Observed with paraffin section and electron microscope,the spores began to germinate 12-24 hs after inoculation,with the germ tubes of different lengths growing on the top.At 36hs after inoculation,the hyphae elongated and directly invaded into the epidermal cells of barley leaves through the intercellular space,and the spores inside the tissue were mainly distributed in the vascular bundles.Four to five days after inoculation,the hyphae quickly branched and spread in a net-like manner,and the dense hyphae nets formed on the leaf surface and the disease spots could be obviously observed outside the leaves.One or two weeks after inoculation,the spores in the leave epidermis significantly declined,while there existed mycelium and spores in the vascular tissue.【Conclusion】The invasion of pathogenic bacteria through the intercellular space might be the main way of the disease infection.After spore germination,the hyphae formed and invaded into tissues,and then spread to other parts.The hyphae on the surface of the host formed a network structure in the late stage of pathogen invasion.

关 键 词:大麦 叶斑病 酶活性 石蜡切片 扫描电镜 

分 类 号:S435.123[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]

 

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