车轴表面缺陷位置晶体塑性本构模型及力学特性分析  

Crystal plastic constitutive model and mechanical properties analysis of axle surface defects location

作　　者：周素霞 刘静远[1,2] 张昭 ZHOU Suxia;LIU Jingyuan;ZHANG Zhao(School of Mechanical-Electronic and Vehicle Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Service Performance of Vehicles(Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture),Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学机电与车辆工程学院,北京100044 [2]城市轨道交通车辆服役性能保障北京市重点实验室(北京建筑大学),北京100044

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2023年第4期437-442,共6页China Sciencepaper

基　　金：北京建筑大学研究生创新项目(PG2021087)。

摘　　要：为研究高速列车车轴疲劳裂纹萌生问题,基于滑移理论构建车轴钢材料体心立方晶体塑性本构方程,通过建立含缺陷的车轴试样晶体塑性有限元组合模型,从介观尺度研究了车轴钢材料上划痕缺陷位置的应力分布情况,并探索了缺陷位置微观变形演化规律。结果表明:模型缺陷位置应力呈梯度分布,相邻晶粒晶体取向的差异会造成应力集中,随着疲劳载荷的施加,累积塑性应变逐渐增强并形成较长的滑移带,这种较长滑移带会影响材料的疲劳行为,对疲劳裂纹的萌生起到诱导作用。In order to study the fatigue crack initiation of high-speed train axle,the body centered cubic crystal plastic constitutive equation of axle steel material was constructed based on the slip theory.By establishing the crystal plastic finite element combination model of axle sample with defects,the stress distribution at the scratch notch on axle steel material was studied from the mesoscopic scale,and the micro deformation evolution law of defect location was explored.The results show that the stress distribution at the defect location of the model is gradient,and the difference of crystal orientation of adjacent grains will cause stress concentration.With the application of fatigue load,the cumulative plastic strain gradually increases and forms a long slip band,which will affect the fatigue behavior of the material and induce the initiation of fatigue cracks.

关 键 词：高速列车车轴 裂纹萌生 晶体塑性有限元 本构模型 力学特性 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]