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作 者:赵祝鹏 张善辉 张腾 贺东晓 ZHAO Zhupeng;ZHANG Shanhui;ZHANG Teng;HE Dongxiao(Shandong Humon Smelting Co.Ltd.,Yantai 264109,China)
机构地区:[1]山东恒邦冶炼股份有限公司,山东烟台264109
出 处:《中国有色冶金》2023年第2期54-59,共6页China Nonferrous Metallurgy
基 金:国家重点研发计划项目“黄金冶炼氰渣多相安全解离及稳定处置技术研究”(2018YFC1902002)。
摘 要:采用火法工艺处理铜、铅阳极泥时,在分银炉氧化精炼过程中会产生氧化渣,即铋渣,其中富含金、银、铜、铋。采用火法工艺处理铋渣,除铜工序采用硫化法或融析脱铜方法,存在生产成本高、能耗高问题,且铜渣会夹带金银,导致金银分散。现有采用湿法处理铋渣的工艺均存在含氯废水产生量大的问题,增加了废水处理成本。本文采用浓硫酸实现铋渣中氧化亚铜及单质铜的氧化,然后在稀硫酸的条件下分离铜、铋,浸出液经电积获得黑铜粉,浸出渣经转炉还原熔炼可获得粗铋。条件试验结果表明,在料酸比1:0.65、液固比5:1、反应温度75℃、反应时间1.5 h、搅拌速率250 r/min的条件下,铋渣浸出渣中铜的含量可降至0.1%以下,铋可以富集到46%以上。该方法在不产生含氯废水的条件下实现了铋渣中铜的开路,具有良好的经济与环保效益。When copper or lead anode slime are treated by pyrometallurgical process,oxide slag,namely bismuth slag,will be produced in the oxidation refining process of silver separation furnace.Bismuth slag is rich in gold,silver,copper and bismuth.When bismuth slag is treated by pyrometallurgy process,the copper removal process adopts the vulcanization method or the melting copper removal method,which has the problems of high production cost and high energy consumption,and gold and silver will entrain the copper slag,resulting in gold and silver dispersion.The existing hydrometallurgy processes for bismuth slag produce a large amount of chlorine-containing wastewater,which increases the cost of wastewater treatment.In this paper,cuprous oxide and copper in bismuth slag is oxidized by concentrated sulfuric acid,and then copper and bismuth are separated under the condition of dilute sulfuric acid.The black copper powder is obtained from the leaching solution by electrowinning,and the crude bismuth can be obtained from the leaching slag by converter reduction smelting.Conditional test results show that under the condition of material-acid ratio of 1:0.65,liquid-solid ratio of 5:1,reaction temperature of 75℃,reaction time of 1.5 h and stirring rate of 250 r/min,the content of copper in bismuth slag leaching residue can be reduced to less than 0.1%,and bismuth can be enriched to more than 46%.This method realizes the open circuit of copper in bismuth slag without producing chlorine-containing wastewater,and has good economic and environmental benefits.
关 键 词:铜阳极泥 铅阳极泥 铋渣 含氯废水 铜铋分离 浓硫酸预氧化 铋回收 铜回收
分 类 号:TF803.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
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